The Fatty Acid Composition of Subcellular Membranes of Rat Liver, Heart, and Brain : Diet‐Induced Modifications

Tahin, Quivo Schwartzburd; Blum, Max; Carafoli, Ernesto

doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb06421.x

Cited by 136 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…branes have also been reported [39,79,134,140]. In general, the developing brains of young animals can be modulated with dietary FAs supplemented over a short period of just a few weeks, as has been reported in mice [74], guinea pigs [155], and chicks [3].…”

Section: The Eects Of Dietary Fats On Brain Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Essential fatty acids and the brain: possible health implications

Youdim

Martín

Joseph

2000

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

430

273

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Linoleic and a-linolenic acid are essential for normal cellular function, and act as precursors for the synthesis of longer chained polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), which have been shown to partake in numerous cellular functions aecting membrane¯uidity, membrane enzyme activities and eicosanoid synthesis. The brain is particularly rich in PUFAs such as DHA, and changes in tissue membrane composition of these PUFAs re¯ect that of the dietary source. The decline in structural and functional integrity of this tissue appears to correlate with loss in membrane DHA concentrations. Arachidonic acid, also predominant in this tissue, is a major precursor for the synthesis of eicosanoids, that serve as intracellular or extracellular signals. With aging comes a likely increase in reactive oxygen species and hence a concomitant decline in membrane PUFA concentrations, and with it, cognitive impairment. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease also appear to exhibit membrane loss of PUFAs. Thus it may be that an optimal diet with a balance of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids may help to delay their onset or reduce the insult to brain functions which these diseases elicit. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

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Section: The Eects Of Dietary Fats On Brain Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Essential fatty acids and the brain: possible health implications

Youdim

Martín

Joseph

2000

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

430

273

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, the addition of spermine in RBM slightly increases the DW value with respect to the control condition. This observation may be explained by recalling that RBM and RLM have significantly different compositions in the fatty acid contents of membrane phospholipids (Tahin et al 1981). This fact most probably accounts for the physiologically higher proton permeability of RBM membranes, when compared with RLM, which would be responsible for the low DW value of RBM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of peroxides on spermine transport in rat brain and liver mitochondria

et al. 2011

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The polyamine spermine is transported into the matrix of various types of mitochondria by a specific uniporter system identified as a protein channel. This mechanism is regulated by the membrane potential; other regulatory effectors are unknown. This study analyzes the transport of spermine in the presence of peroxides in both isolated rat liver and brain mitochondria, in order to evaluate the involvement of the redox state in this mechanism, and to compare its effect in both types of mitochondria. In liver mitochondria peroxides are able to inhibit spermine transport. This effect is indicative of redox regulation by the transporter, probably due to the presence of critical thiol groups along the transport pathway, or in close association with it, with different accessibility for the peroxides and performing different functions. In brain mitochondria, peroxides have several effects, supporting the hypothesis of a different regulation of spermine transport. The fact that peroxovanadate can inhibit tyrosine phosphatases in brain mitochondria suggests that mitochondrial spermine transport is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation in this organ. In this regard, the evaluation of spermine transport in the presence of Src inhibitors suggests the involvement of Src family kinases in this process. It is possible that phosphorylation sites for Src kinases are present in the channel pathway and have an inhibitory effect on spermine transport under regulation by Src kinases. The results of this study suggest that the activity of the spermine transporter probably depends on the redox and/or tyrosine phosphorylation state of mitochondria, and that its regulation may be different in distinct organs. Keywords

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“…Dietary 22:6n-3 has been associated with decreased 20:4n-6 in various tissues (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), and dietary 22:6n-3 is considered to compete directly with 20:4n-6. It has been suggested that feeding 22:5n-6 along with 22:6n-3 may maintain 20:4n-6 levels in tissues via 22:5n-6 retroconversion (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%