The feeding apparatus of a chitinivorous ciliate

Bradbury, Phyllis Clarke; Deroux, G.; Campillo, Albert

doi:10.1016/0040-8166(87)90031-0

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…21b) resembles the food tube described for Ascophrys sp. [9], but we did not find an extensive digestion of the cuticle of the basibiont as observed in the cuticle of Palaemon serratus. Comparatively, the feeding complex of C. pilisuctor was less complex and more superficial than those of C. pitelkae and Ascophrys sp.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

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Epibiontic associations between apostomid ciliates Conidophrys spp. and amphipods associated with fish farms fouling in the western Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2016

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Fish farms commonly support high abundances of invertebrates, especially amphipods, associated with fouling communities developed over nets, ropes and buoys. Protozoan epibiont ciliates of the genus Conidophrys were observed on three of the most abundant amphipod species collected from ropes of a fish farm in the western Mediterranean Sea. The amphipod species were Ericthonius punctatus that presented the epibiont Conidophrys pitelkae, and Jassa marmorata and Jassa slatteryi with the epibiont C. pilisuctor. The epibionts were found in numbers fluctuating between 1 and 119 individuals in Jassa spp. (median value = 8), higher than the number of epibionts found on E. punctatus that varied between 1 and 39 individuals (median value = 3). The epibiosis on Jassa spp. also showed prevalence values (34.33 %) superior to those of E. punctatus (24 %). Differential distribution of the epibiont species on the surface of basibionts was detected: Conidophrys pilisuctor were more frequently found on the head and gnathopods of Jassa spp., while C. pitelkae were mainly counted on the head of E. punctatus. This is the first time that Conidoprhys were found on these amphipod species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…1, 2 (Figs. 5,8,9,10,11,12). The tomites are released to the aquatic environment thus becoming the infesting-phase.…”

Section: The Epibiont Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epibiontic associations between apostomid ciliates Conidophrys spp. and amphipods associated with fish farms fouling in the western Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2016

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“…They enable ciliates to rapidly form food tubes or food vacuole membranes, and so to exploit episodically abundant food sources (Bradbury et al. ; Kloetzel ; Lenzi and Rosati ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrative Investigation of Parabistichella variabilis (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) Including Its General Morphology, Ultrastructure, Ontogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny

Dong

Chen

Liu

et al. 2020

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Hypotrichs are a highly differentiated and very diverse group of ciliated protists. Their systematics and taxonomy are challenging and call for detailed investigations on their general morphology, ultrastructure, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogeny. Here, a comprehensive study is conducted on a brackish water population of Parabistichella variabilis using light and electron microscopy and phylogenetic analyses based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence data. Its morphology, including the infraciliature, pellicle, nuclei, buccal seal, and extrusomes, is documented. The present findings indicate that in P. variabilis: (i) the cortical granules are extrusomes, which differ from those of other hypotrichs; (ii) the buccal seal is bounded by the plasma membrane and contains a single layer of longitudinal microtubules; (iii) two contractile vacuoles might be present rather than one; and (iv) the pharyngeal disks are bounded by a single membrane. Early‐to‐middle stages of ontogenesis are described for the first time, enabling the complete characterization of this process. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Parabistichella variabilis is closely related to several species from different genera, such as Orthoamphisiella breviseries, Uroleptoides magnigranulosus, and Tachysoma pellionellum. However, ultrastructural and gene sequence data for more taxa are needed in order to resolve the systematics of Parabistichella.

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“…This study found that the membrane‐packed discs of D. oligothrix were morphologically more similar to those of D. scutum and Euplotes than those of Uronychia, but they were more diverse in shape (ring‐shaped in addition to rod‐shaped). However, a previous study has noted that food vacuoles could collapse into membrane‐packed discs of vesicle‐like compartments (Bradbury et al, ), and we thus speculate that the variability in shape might be caused by different ingestion or digestion states of the ciliates at fixation. More importantly, as encystment progressed, the ring‐shaped discs disappeared, the long, rod‐shaped discs became shorter, and the swollen discs in the ventral cavity became sparse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The ciliature in the oral area of ciliates is important for predation (Morelli, Giambelluca, Lenzi, Rosati, & Verni, ). The membrane‐packed discs in the cortex of the oral area are the precursor of the food vacuole membrane and have been reported in ciliates of several orders, such as Euplotida, Heterotrichida, and Astomatophorida (Bradbury, Deroux, & Campillo, ; Kloetzel, ; Verni & Gualtieri, ; Wicklow, ). Among Euplotida, D. scutum , Euplotes, and Uronychia were reported to have such discs, and those discs were rod‐shaped in D. scutum and Euplotes but flattened vesicles in Uronychia (Rosati, Verni, Bracchi, & Dini, ; Walker & Maugel, ; Wicklow, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, and live observations of the encystation and excystation processes in Diophrys oligothrix Borror, 1965 (Protista, Ciliophora)

Gong

Fan

et al. 2018

Journal of Morphology

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Ciliated protists can form cysts to resist unfavorable environmental conditions and then excyst when environmental conditions become favorable. This study used electron and light microscopy to investigate the structure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, as well as the encysting and excysting processes of Diophrys oligothrix. For the first time, ampules were revealed beneath the pellicle in the genus Diophrys, and their extrusome types differed between Diophrys species. Membrane-packed discs of diverse shapes were found in the cytoplasm just beneath the pellicle around the cytopharynx and were separated by rows of microtubule units. Beneath the discs, some double-layer microtubule structures were detected as well. During encystment, the ventral ciliature was folded in a ventral cavity of the cell, and the caudal cirri were retracted directly into the cyst in a separate cavity on the dorsal side. In the resting cysts, high autophagic activity occurred, possibly including digestion of membrane-packed discs and ampules. Two macronuclear nodules kept their basic shape, although the chromatin aggregation and fusion region were observed in ultrathin sections. The cyst wall contained two layers, namely, the ectocyst, and endocyst. In mature cysts, basal bodies and ciliary shafts were observed, demonstrating that D. oligothrix forms non-kinetosome-resorbing cysts. The process of excystment occurred in two modes, either with or without participation of a contractile vacuole.

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The feeding apparatus of a chitinivorous ciliate

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Epibiontic associations between apostomid ciliates Conidophrys spp. and amphipods associated with fish farms fouling in the western Mediterranean Sea

Epibiontic associations between apostomid ciliates Conidophrys spp. and amphipods associated with fish farms fouling in the western Mediterranean Sea

An Integrative Investigation of Parabistichella variabilis (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) Including Its General Morphology, Ultrastructure, Ontogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny

Ultrastructure of vegetative cells and resting cysts, and live observations of the encystation and excystation processes in Diophrys oligothrix Borror, 1965 (Protista, Ciliophora)

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