The Female Athlete Triad: A Comparison of Knowledge and Risk in Adolescent and Young Adult Figure Skaters, Dancers, and Runners

Tosi, Marina; Maslyanskaya, Sofya; Dodson, Nancy A.; Coupey, Susan M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2018.10.007

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The Female Athlete Triad Risk Scale [31] assessed Triad risk in young adolescent and adult female figure skaters, dancers, and runners (n = 712). The items were adapted from the Preparticipation Screening for the Female Athlete tool [57], Female Athlete Screening Tool [53] and LEAF-Q [16].…”

Section: Female Athlete Triad Risk Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The items were adapted from the Preparticipation Screening for the Female Athlete tool [57], Female Athlete Screening Tool [53] and LEAF-Q [16]. In this study, 60% of female athletes were considered at risk of the Triad as they endorsed ≥3 of the six questions [31]. This tool could potentially measure Triad risk in large numbers of female athletes due to the small number of items and clear cut-off point.…”

Section: Female Athlete Triad Risk Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: questionnaires as measures for low energy availability (LEA) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) in athletes

Sim

Burns

2021

J Eat Disord

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Background A sustained mismatch between energy intake and exercise energy expenditure (EEE) can lead to Low Energy Availability (LEA), health and performance impairments characteristic of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Questionnaires can conveniently identify symptoms and/or LEA/ RED-S risk factors. This study aimed to systematically identify, and critique questionnaires used or developed to measure LEA/ RED-S risk in athletic populations. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed database. Full text articles were included if: (i) the questionnaire(s) in the study identified LEA and/or RED-S risk; (ii) studies developed questionnaires to identify LEA and/or RED-S risk; (iii) participants belonged to athletic population(s); and (iv) in English. Results Thirty-three articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, 13 questionnaires were identified. Eight questionnaires had undergone validation procedures, and three questionnaires included questions related to EEE. The most widely used validated questionnaires were Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q) (48% articles) and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) (12% articles). The LEAF-Q determines LEA risk from symptoms but cannot be used in males as nearly half of the items (n = 12) relate to menstrual function. The EDE-Q serves as a surrogate marker of LEA risk in both sexes, as it measures a major risk factor of LEA, disordered eating. Better validation is needed for many questionnaires and more are needed to address LEA/RED-S risk in male athletes. Conclusion These questionnaires may be effective in identifying intentional energy restriction but less valuable in identifying inadvertently failure to increase energy intake with increased EEE.

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Section: Female Athlete Triad Risk Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Female Athlete Triad Risk Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: questionnaires as measures for low energy availability (LEA) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) in athletes

Sim

Burns

2021

J Eat Disord

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“…A triász három öszszetevője a szükségesnél alacsonyabb kalóriabevitel (és az ebből fakadó soványság), a menstruáció zavara és az alacsony csontsűrűség (Tosi, Maslyanskaya, Dodson & Coupey, 2019). 712 személy vizsgálata alapján a táncosok (n=199) kockázata nagyobb a triász kialakulására, mint a műkorcsolyázóké (n=430) vagy a futóké (n=83), a táncosok 72%-a veszélyeztetett ebből a szempontból (Tosi et al, 2019). 18-35 éves profi balettos nők 40%-ánál megállapították a női atléta triászt (Doyle-Lucas, Akers & Davy, 2010).…”

Section: Testképzavarunclassified

Dancers’ Body: The Examination of Health, Body Satisfaction, Body Attitudes, Eating Attitudes, and Self-Esteem among Dancers

Szászi¹,

Szabó²

2021

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Objective: to conduct research on health state, body satisfaction, eating disorders (EDs), body investments, and self-esteem among adult dancers. Methods: General Health Questionnaire, WHO Well-Being Index, Body Satisfaction Scale, Human Figure Drawing Test, Body Investment Scale, Eating Attitudes Test, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: 45.8% of female and 21.2% of male dancers have significant symptoms/ diseases. 7.4% of females are underweight, besides 5.9% of females and 15.6% of males are overweight. 11.6% of females are at risk for EDs. Ballroom dancers are the most dissatisfied with their body and weight, and they are the most symptomatic concerning EDs. Modern dancers are the most protected regarding body-related extremes. Female dancers under 20 have stricter body evaluation, less body protection, more bulimic symptoms, and less self-esteem. Conclusions: An intervention programme should be implemented in dance education that provides both theoretical and practical knowledge with the participation of experts in the field of health, education, and child care as well. This may help dancers to improve health, endurance, body image, and self-esteem. The prevention of EDs must be a priority in this initiative.

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“…Beban latihan yang tidak mampu dikompensasi fisiologis tubuh serta tekanan mental akibat kompetisi olahraga menyebabkan gangguan ketersediaan energi dan keseimbangan sistem endokrin, sehingga atlet putri berisiko besar mengalami sindroma Female Athlete Triad (FAT) (Matzkin, Curry, & Whitlock, 2015). Atlet putri dari semua jenis cabang olahraga dan jenjang kompetisi berisiko sindroma FAT, tetapi resiko paling tinggi dimiliki atlet putri pada cabang olahraga predominasi daya tahan (endurance) (Tosi, Maslyanskaya, Dodson, & Coupey, 2019). Female Athlete Triad (FAT) adalah sindroma yang ditandai oleh gangguan dari tiga komponen yaitu: ketersediaan energi, fungsi menstruasi, dan kepadatan tulang (Aurelia Nattiv et al, 2007).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Risiko gangguan sindroma FAT dari frekuensi perkuliahan praktik lebih dari 5 kali/minggu 11,7% (n=7), frekuensi latihan diluar perkuliahan 5 kali/minggu atau lebih 30% (n=18) dan responden menghabiskan kan waktu lebih dari 2 jam setiap latihan sebanyak 35% (n=21). Atlet dari berbagai cabang olahraga dan tingkatan kompetisi berpotensi mengalami FAT (Tosi et al, 2019). Olahraga menimbulkan stres metabolik (Pauli & Berga, 2010) akibat beban latihan yang tidak mampu dikompensasi fisiologis tubuh, sehingga terjadi gangguan keseimbangan energi.…”

Section: Aktivitas Fisik Dalam Dan Luar Perkuliahanunclassified

Gambaran Risiko Terjadinya Gangguan Female Athlete Triad Syndrome pada Mahasiswi Olahraga

Nugroho

Purwanto

2020

JOSSAE

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This study aims to describe how much the risk of the occurrence Female Athlete Triad (FAT) Syndrome in sports students. This research uses a quantitative approach with survey data collection techniques. The research respondents were 60 selected by quota sampling. The Instrument research use questionnaire that refers to the Female Athlete Triad: Cumulative Risk Assessment. The results showed the risk of impaired energy availability from a history of low frequency of eating 50% (n = 30), regulate body weight 41.7% (n = 25), specific lifestyle 40% (n = 24), fasting habits 60% (n = 36) and eating disorders 65% (n = 39). The risk of menstrual disorders of menarche delayed was 25% (n = 15), oligomenorrhea 50% (n = 30) and amenorrhea secondary 53.3% (n = 32). Risk of bone disorders 30% (n = 18). The description of the results of this study shows that the risk of sports college students suffering from FAT syndrome is quite large. The most surprising finding in this study was the low level of knowledge and information related to FAT syndrome among sports students. Given the large impact on health, necessary screening and further medical examinations as well as providing education about FAT syndrome disorders to female college students.

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The Female Athlete Triad: A Comparison of Knowledge and Risk in Adolescent and Young Adult Figure Skaters, Dancers, and Runners

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Review: questionnaires as measures for low energy availability (LEA) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) in athletes

Review: questionnaires as measures for low energy availability (LEA) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) in athletes

Dancers’ Body: The Examination of Health, Body Satisfaction, Body Attitudes, Eating Attitudes, and Self-Esteem among Dancers

Gambaran Risiko Terjadinya Gangguan Female Athlete Triad Syndrome pada Mahasiswi Olahraga

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