The filter‐feeder as an optimal forager, and the predicted shapes of feeding curves

Lehman, John T.

doi:10.4319/lo.1976.21.4.0501

Cited by 257 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, Type I functional responses require simultaneous handling and digestion and thus are only reported definitively amongst filter feeders (Lehman 1976;Jeschke et al 2002;Jeschke et al 2004). The intermediate response that was modeled is likely due to the low densities of prey supplied during the treatments (Jeschke et al 2004), or the lack of habitat complexity in the experimental arena reducing handling limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could have implications on the impacts of wild populations of S. canicula as they show spatial segregation by sex, temporal segregation and varying thermal strategies (Sims et al 2001) as this may mediate the predation impacts when moving between thermally varied micro-climates. It is considered that when functional response is delivered as a phenomenological tool, the focus shifts from the shape of the response to the relative differences in parameter estimates (Lehman 1976;Jeschke et al 2002;Alexander et al 2012). This is due, in part, to the laboratory set up being inherently dissimilar to the conditions in sitú with regards to variation in temperature, prey availability, arena size, lack of refugia and habitat complexity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of acute and chronic temperature changes on the functional responses of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) towards amphipod prey Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815)

South

Dick

2017

Environ Biol Fish

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Predation is a strong driver of population dynamics and community structure and it is essential to reliably quantify and predict predation impacts on prey populations in a changing thermal landscape. Here, we used comparative functional response analyses to assess how predator-prey interactions between dogfish and invertebrate prey change under different warming scenarios. The Functional Response Type, attack rate, handling time and maximum feeding rate estimates were calculated for Scyliorhinus canicula preying upon Echinogammarus marinus under temperatures of 11.3°C and 16.3°C, which represent both the potential daily variation and predicted higher summer temperatures within Strangford Lough, N. Ireland. A two x two design of BPredator Acclimated^, BPrey Acclimated^, BBoth Acclimated^, and BBoth Unacclimated^was implemented to test functional responses to temperature rise. Attack rate was higher at 11.3°C than at 16.3°C, but handling time was lower and maximum feeding rates were higher at 16.3°C. Non-acclimated predators had similar maximum feeding rate towards nonacclimated and acclimated prey, whereas acclimated predators had significantly higher maximum feeding rates towards acclimated prey as compared to nonacclimated prey. Results suggests that the predator attack rate is decreased by increasing temperature but when both predator and prey are acclimated the shorter handling times considerably increase predator impact. The functional response of the fish changed from Type II to Type III with an increase in temperature, except when only the prey were acclimated. This change from population destabilizing Type II to more stabilizing Type III could confer protection to prey at low densities but increase the maximum feeding rate by Scyliorhinus canicula in the future. However, predator movement between different thermal regimes may maintain a Type II response, albeit with a lower maximum feeding rate. This has implications for the way the increasing population Scyliorhinus canicula in the Irish Sea may exploit valuable fisheries stocks in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute and chronic temperature changes on the functional responses of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) towards amphipod prey Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815)

South

Dick

2017

Environ Biol Fish

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“…It is also conceivable that clearance rates decrease at low food concentrations (Fig. lc;Lehman 1976;Lam and Frost 1976). The resulting ingestion rates correspond to Holling's ( I 959) type 1, 2, and 3 functional responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Changes of the functional responses of the rotifers Brachionus rubens and Brachionus calyciflorus with particle sizes

Rothhaupt

1990

Limnol. Oceanogr.

112

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Effects of size and concentration of food particles on clearance and ingestion rates were studied for the rotifer species Brachionus rubens and Brachionus calyciflorus. Food algae of varying sizes were offered in short-term radiotraccr experiments. For small particles, below the optimal size, feeding was best described by the rectilinear model with constant maximal clearance rates (~1 ind-' h--l) below and constant maximal ingestion rates (ng C ind-' h-l) above a critical concentration. In this size range, the maximal clearance rate increased and the critical concentration decreased with particle size. For particles larger than the optimal size, feeding could best be described by a curvilinear model. In this size range, clearance rates decreased continuously with food concentration, maximal ingestion rams were lower than those for small particles, and ingestion rates could even decrease in high concentrations of big particles. These findings suggest diff trent mechanisms in feeding on small and large particles and help to reconcile some seemingly contradictory results of previous studies.The functional response of planktonic suspension feeders usually can be described by one of three basic models. These models represent different feeding strategies, and the differences are most obvious from the clearance rates (Fig. 1). In the case of the rectilinear IBlackman model ( (Fig. lb), which can be expressed by the Michaelis-Menten or Ivlev (1955) equations, is characterized by continuously decreasing clearance rates. It is also conceivable that clearance rates decrease at low food concentrations (Fig. lc;Lehman 1976;Lam and Frost 1976). The resulting ingestion rates correspond to Holling's ( I 959) type 1, 2, and 3 functional responses.

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“…A type 3 response in grazers may result from different factors like reduced handling time of prey (Holling 1959), concentration of search activity in profitable micro habitats (Royama 1970) or optimizing of energy gain (Lehman 1976). It may also be a result of switching between 2 prey species, where the feeding effort on the most abundant prey is enhanced due to shifts in 'search image' (Tinbergen 1960) or shifts in feeding behaviour (Marten 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey switching by Acartia clausi:experimental evidence and implications of intraguild predation assessed by a model

Gismervik¹,

Andersen²

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Sw~tching between algal (Thalasdosira we~ssflog~i) and ciliate (Strobilidium undinum) food by the marine copepod Acartia clausi was investigated In the laboratory by short incubation experiments with l4C-labeled prey. A. clausi displayed a Holling type 3 functional response (which differed significantly from a type 2 response, p c 0.05) for ciliates when there was a constant abundance of algae present, and likewise for algae when there was a constant abundance of ciliates present. The results were implemented in a mathematical model to investigate the effect of different functional responses on a simple food web comprised of nutrient, algae, ciliates and copepods. In the model, ciliates and copepods competed for resources (algae) and ciliates were also prey for copepods. This blend of predation and competition among copepods and ciliates corresponds to intraguild predation as defined by Polis & Holt (1992; Trends Ecol Evol 7:151-154). Stable solutions with all state variables present were found over a range of nutrient concentrations when the copepods displayed type 3 functional responses. On the contrary, when copepods displayed type 2 responses, such stable solutions were only found at very low input nutrient concentrations. Coexistence of ciliates and copepods further required that clliates had a lower threshold prey concentration for positive net growth than copepods.

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The filter‐feeder as an optimal forager, and the predicted shapes of feeding curves

Cited by 257 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of acute and chronic temperature changes on the functional responses of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) towards amphipod prey Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815)

Effects of acute and chronic temperature changes on the functional responses of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) towards amphipod prey Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815)

Changes of the functional responses of the rotifers Brachionus rubens and Brachionus calyciflorus with particle sizes

Prey switching by Acartia clausi:experimental evidence and implications of intraguild predation assessed by a model

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