The Financing of Georgian Education

Herczyński, Jan

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1440260

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The initial post-Rose reforms were launched against the backdrop of an impoverished society spending only 2% of its GDP on educationlow even compared to other post-Soviet countries at that time (Herczynski, 2003). This lack of spending persists currently, making higher education tuition very expensive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the Soviet Union collapsed, Georgia's GDP fell 75% between 1990 and 1994, resulting in a drop in all education funding from 7% of the GDP in 1991 to less than 1% in 1994 (World Bank, 2001). The situation slowly improved, but on the eve of the Rose Revolution, Georgia still spent very little on education, only about 2% of its GDP (Herczynski, 2003). This was very low by international standards and even low compared to other post-Soviet countries (Herczynski, 2003).…”

Section: Lack Of Funding For Higher Educationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The situation slowly improved, but on the eve of the Rose Revolution, Georgia still spent very little on education, only about 2% of its GDP (Herczynski, 2003). This was very low by international standards and even low compared to other post-Soviet countries (Herczynski, 2003). In 2009, spending was still anemic, with Georgia among the top ten countries in the world spending the least on education as a percent of its GDP (World Bank, 2009).…”

Section: Lack Of Funding For Higher Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Georgian higher education from the perspective of the international literature from 2003 to 2019

Lanahan

2020

IJCED

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PurposeHigher education in the Republic of Georgia has experienced a massive isomorphic transformation since the Rose Revolution of 2003 and continues to transform with aspirations toward Euro-Atlantic integration, compliance with the Bologna Process and as a reflection of the Europeanization of its higher education sector.Design/methodology/approachThis literature review documents and analyzes literature published between 1991 and 2019 on the development of higher education in the Republic of Georgia from 2003 to 2019.FindingsThe findings reflect the evolving political landscape and aspiration for Euro-Atlantic integration against the backdrop of one of the most impoverished education systems in the world, as measured by percentage of gross domestic product spending. More explicitly, what findings have been reported in the international literature on Georgian higher education from 2003 to 2019?Research limitations/implicationsThe choice to review only English publications was deliberate and done after consultation with a leading Georgian scholar, who noted that the Georgian language publishing market is small and of varied quality; leading Georgian scholars most often seek to publish in English journals and books, and all technical and policy reports produced by the Minister of Education, NGOs and large international organizations (e.g. World Bank) are available in English.Originality/valueThis literature review documents and analyzes literature on the development of higher education in the Republic of Georgia from 2003 to 2019 as a reflection of the evolving political landscape and aspiration for Euro-Atlantic integration against the backdrop of one of the most impoverished education systems in the world, as measured by percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) spending. This unique political and economic history makes higher education in Georgia worthy of review.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lack Of Funding For Higher Educationmentioning

confidence: 98%