\s=b\A papillary adenocarcinoma with metastasis occurred in a 5-year-old child. The neoplasm arose on the anterolateral sublingual aspect of the tongue and metastasized to a submandibular lymph node. Histologically, the tumor contained broad glandular papillary projections. The tumor cells were cuboidal and had vesicular, "ground glass" nuclei. Colloidlike material was found within the stroma and lumen of the glands. To determine whether the papillary adenocarcinoma was of minor salivary gland or ectopic thyroid in origin, ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques were applied to make this clinically important distinction. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies did not indicate the site of origin. Histochemical methods, however, demonstrated the colloidlike material to be sulfated mucopolysaccharide, which was nonreducible by ferric ferrocyanide. These histochemical properties and the anterolateral location identified the tumor as salivary gland in origin.Tumors of minor salivary glands and mucous membranes of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract have a diversity of histopathologic appearances and a variety of clinical courses. The vast majority of these tumors occurs in older adults.The present case of papillary adeno¬ carcinoma is a rare variety of carcinoma of the minor salivary gland, and its occurrence in a child of 5 years is unique. Because of its rarity, histolog¬ ie features, and location on the tongue, it presented a problem in dif¬ ferentiating between a salivary gland tumor and the more common papil¬ lary carcinoma of ectopie thyroid gland. The diagnostic criteria for Fig 1.-Sublingual tumor was composed of broad papillary projections with sparsely cellular collagenous stroma. Papillary projections formed almost solid tumor mass (hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification X40).