The First Intermetatarsal Angle in Hallux Valgus: An Analysis of Measurement Reliability and the Error Involved

Condon, Finbarr; Kaliszer, M.; Conhyea, D.; Donnell, Turlough O'; Shaju, Anthony; Masterson, Eric

doi:10.1177/107110070202300807

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…All of these coefficients can be considered very high, 42 so that the reproducibility of the measurements is acceptable with the methods used. 19,43 The The values from the descriptive analysis of the variables as absolute values are shown in Table 2. The values from the descriptive analysis of relative first metatarsal protrusion, and the comparison between the two groups, are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic Study of the Size of the First Metatarso-Digital Segment in Feet with Incipient Hallux Limitus

Munuera

Domínguez

Castillo

2007

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic Study of the Size of the First Metatarso-Digital Segment in Feet with Incipient Hallux Limitus

Munuera

Domínguez

Castillo

2007

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association

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“…The hallux valgus angle (HVA), 1-2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) are all measured from the AP view ( Figure 1A). 13 The DMAA is the angle formed between the distal articular surface and longitudinal axis of the first metatarsal ( Figure 2). It is used to assess first MTP joint congruity, and <10 degrees is considered normal.…”

Section: Radiographic Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallux Valgus

Ray

Friedmann

Hanselman

et al. 2019

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics

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Hallux valgus is a common condition that results from a complex positional deformity of the first ray. The bunion or medial prominence that results from the lateral deviation and pronation of the hallux is only one component of the 3-dimensional deformity. Hallux valgus can lead to considerable pain and altered joint mechanics. The precise biomechanical etiology remains under debate. Predisposing factors include female sex, age, constricting footwear, and family history. Metatarsus adductus, equinus contracture, hammertoe deformity, and pes planus often coexist with hallux valgus. Nonoperative treatment involves patient education, shoe modifications, toe pads and positioning devices, and activity modifications. Surgery is considered in patients who fail nonoperative treatment with the goal of pain relief, correction of the deformity, improved first ray stability, and improved quality of life. More than 100 different procedures have been described to treat hallux valgus; they include combinations of soft tissue balancing, metatarsal osteotomies, and fusion of either the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) or tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint. The choice of procedures depends on the severity and location of the deformity as well as surgeon preference. Recent advances in operative techniques include minimally invasive surgery and correction of rotational deformity.

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“…Traditionally, HVA is measured by using a protractor and a marker pen with hardcopy radiographs. But it has been shown that this method is error‐prone and time‐consuming …”

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confidence: 99%

Radiographic angles in hallux valgus: Comparison between protractor and iPhone measurements

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2015

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Radiographic angles are used to assess the severity of hallux valgus deformity, make preoperative plans, evaluate outcomes after surgery, and compare results between different methods. Traditionally, hallux valgus angle (HVA) has been measured by using a protractor and a marker pen with hardcopy radiographs. The main objective of this study is to compare HVA measurements performed using a smartphone and a traditional protractor. The secondary objective was to compare the time taken between those two methods. Six observers measured major HVA on 20 radiographs of hallux valgus deformity with both a standard protractor and an Apple iPhone. Four of the observers repeated the measurements at least a week after the original measurements. The mean absolute difference between pairs of protractor and smartphone measurements was 3.2˚. The 95% confidence intervals for intra-observer variability were AE3.1˚for the smartphone measurement and AE3.2˚for the protractor method. The 95% confidence intervals for inter-observer variability were AE9.1˚for the smartphone measurement and AE9.6˚for the protractor measurement. We conclude that the smartphone is equivalent to the protractor for the accuracy of HVA measurement. But, the time taken in smartphone measurement was also reduced.

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The First Intermetatarsal Angle in Hallux Valgus: An Analysis of Measurement Reliability and the Error Involved

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Radiographic Study of the Size of the First Metatarso-Digital Segment in Feet with Incipient Hallux Limitus

Radiographic Study of the Size of the First Metatarso-Digital Segment in Feet with Incipient Hallux Limitus

Hallux Valgus

Radiographic angles in hallux valgus: Comparison between protractor and iPhone measurements

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