The First Siphoviridae Family Bacteriophages Infecting Bordetella bronchiseptica Isolated from Environment

Abstract

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a well-known etiological agent of kennel cough in dogs and cats and one of the two causative agents of atrophic rhinitis, a serious swine disease. The aim of the study was to isolate B. bronchiseptica bacteriophages from environmental samples for the first time. A total of 29 phages from 65 water samples were isolated using the strain ATCC 10580 as a host. The lytic spectra of the phages were examined at 25 and 37°C, using 12 strains of B. bronchiseptica. All phages were able to plaque on 25.0 % to 41.7 % of the strains. The selected phages showed similar morphology (Siphoviridae, morphotype B2), but variation of RFLP patterns and efficacy of plating on various strains. The partial genome sequence of phage vB_BbrS_CN1 showed its similarity to phages from genus Yuavirus. Using PCR, it was confirmed that the phages do not originate from the host strain, and environmental origin was additionally confirmed by the analysis of host genome sequence in silico and plating heated and unheated samples in parallel. Accordingly, this is the first isolation of B. bronchiseptica phages from environment and the first isolation and characterization of phages of B. bronchiseptica belonging to family Siphoviridae.

Characterisation of a newly detected bacteriophage infecting Bordetella bronchiseptica in swine

“…In this study, we initially screened 17 domestic sewage samples for the presence of B. bronchiseptica phage, but failed to identify the phage in any of the samples (the results are not shown). Petrovic et al [8]. also reported a failed attempt to isolate B. bronchiseptica phage from samples collected from swine water troughs and farm wastewater.…”

“…Liu et al [9]. reported on three temperate phages isolated from B. bronchiseptica that were assigned to the family Podoviridae, while Petrovic et al [8]. isolated 29 B. bronchiseptica phages assigned to the family Siphoviridae.…”

“…In the past, temperate B. bronchiseptica phages have been induced in clinical bacterial strains, but their phenotypic characteristics have rarely been described. Petrovic et al [8]. isolated 29 lytic B. bronchiseptica phages from the environment and described their phenotypic characteristics; however, the genomes of these phages were only partially sequenced to determine whether they were lytic or temperate phages.…”

Phage therapy for severe bacterial infections: a narrative review

“…The conventional method of measuring the lytic activity of bacteriophages is by mixing target bacteria into soft agar overlaid onto a standard nutritious agar surface . Tenfold serial dilutions of candidate phage are then spotted onto the soft agar.…”

Specific Integration of Temperate Phage Decreases the Pathogenicity of Host Bacteria

“…Phage therapy could be an alternative strategy against drug-resistant B. bronchiseptica infection. In fact, several B. bronchiseptica phages have been isolated (Liu et al, 2004;Petrovic et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2019a), and some of those were tested against B. bronchiseptica infection in our previous study (Chen et al, 2019a).…”