The flame retardant and thermal conductivity properties of high thermal conductivity expandable graphite microcapsule filled natural rubber composites

Cheng, Jiaji; Niu, Shaoshuai; Zhao, Yiqiang; Liu, Yuqi; Kang, Moyun; Guan, Yu; Zhang, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125998

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Supercritical drying aerogels have lower thermal conductivity, suggesting that the relatively small pore size and interfacial thermal resistance in the aerogel/foam wall contribute to the reduction of thermal conductivity. 25,42 In order to reduce the thermal conductivity of aerogels, the author of this study will refine the ice crystal growth by liquid nitrogen rapid freezing or spray lyophilization (SFD) in future studies to obtain composite-modified KGM-PU aerogels with a smaller pore size and a larger specific surface area. 43…”

Section: Physical Characterization Of the Kgm And Its Composite Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Konjac Glucomannan Aerogels Modified by Hydrophilic Isocyanate and Expandable Graphite with Excellent Hydrolysis Resistance, Mechanical Strength, and Flame Retardancy

Wang

Lin

et al. 2023

Biomacromolecules

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At present, biomass foamlike materials are a hot research topic, but they need to be improved urgently due to their defects such as large size shrinkage rate, poor mechanical strength, and easy hydrolysis. In this study, the novel konjac glucomannan (KGM) composite aerogels modified with hydrophilic isocyanate and expandable graphite were prepared by a facile vacuum freeze-drying method. Compared with the unmodified KGM aerogel, the volume shrinkage of the KGM composite aerogel (KPU-EG) decreased from 36.36 ± 2.47% to 8.64 ± 1.46%. Additionally, the compressive strength increased by 450%, and the secondary repeated compressive strength increased by 1476%. After soaking in water for 28 days, mass retention after hydrolysis of the KPU-EG aerogel increased from 51.26 ± 2.33% to more than 85%. The UL-94 vertical combustion test showed that the KPU-EG aerogel can achieve a V-0 rating, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the modified aerogel can reach up to 67.3 ± 1.5%. To sum up, the cross-linking modification of hydrophilic isocyanate can significantly improve the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and hydrolysis resistance of KGM aerogels. We believe that this work can provide excellent hydrolytic resistance and mechanical properties and has broad application prospects in practical packaging, heat insulation, sewage treatment, and other aspects.

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Section: Physical Characterization Of the Kgm And Its Composite Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Konjac Glucomannan Aerogels Modified by Hydrophilic Isocyanate and Expandable Graphite with Excellent Hydrolysis Resistance, Mechanical Strength, and Flame Retardancy

Wang

Lin

et al. 2023

Biomacromolecules

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“…31 On the other hand, EG interacts closely with polymer matrix, which can inhibit the generation of broken chain free radicals and delay the initial thermal degradation temperatures. 32 Meanwhile, it can also effectively reduce the volatile substances produced in the thermal degradation process, thus enhancing the thermal stability of EG/PES/PI composites.…”

Section: Dynamic Thermomechanical Property and Thermal Stability Of E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermomechanical and tribological properties of polyimide and polyethersulfone blends reinforced with expanded graphite particles at various elevated temperatures

Xue

Yan

Chen

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Expanded graphite (EG) particles were introduced into the polyimide (PI) and polyethersulfone (PES) blend to enhance the dynamic thermomechanical and tribological performances of this polymer composite at evaluated temperatures ranging from room temperature to 250°C. The influences of EG dosage, evaluated temperature and vertical loads on the high‐temperature tribological behaviors, worn surface morphologies and wear mechanisms of EG/PES/PI composites were analyzed. Experimental results suggest that tensile strength, dynamic storage modulus, glass transition temperature as well as thermal stability of EG/PES/PI composites are superior to those of the PES/PI blend and they are raised as the EG additions increase. Whether at room temperature or at the high temperature of 250°C, the EG/PES/PI composites display the better friction‐reducing and abrasion resistant performances than the PES/PI blend. Among all these composites, the 7.0 wt% EG/PES/PI composite demonstrates the best friction and wear properties (0.23, 5.68 × 10−16 m3/[N·m]) at evaluated temperatures. The noticeable improvement in abrasive property of EG/PES/PI composites at high‐evaluated temperatures stems from extraordinary porous microstructures and outstanding lubrication characteristics of EG particles as well as the formation of uniform self‐lubricating polymer tribofilms. This composite as antifriction and wear‐resistant materials possesses potential applications in high‐temperature engineering tribology, such as rolling bearing retainer, and so forth.

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“…However, flammability is an inherent disadvantage of most polymers, including NR [ 4 ], which undoubtedly increases the risk of their use and limits their wide application in production and life [ 5 ]. Therefore, improving the flame retardant properties of NR has extensive and far-reaching practical significance [ 6 ]. Compared with the existing flame retardants on the market, such as boron-based flame retardants and metal hydroxide flame retardants, intumescent flame retardants (IFR) have better performance in rubber [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube-Based Intumescent Flame Retardants Achieve High-Efficiency Flame Retardancy and Simultaneously Avoid Mechanical Property Loss

Wang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Intumescent flame retardants (IFR) are an excellent solution to the problem of easy combustion of polymers. Still, the negative effect of the addition of flame retardants is the decline of the mechanical properties of polymers. In this context, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are modified with tannic acid (TA) and then wrapped on the surface of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to construct a special intumescent flame retardant structure (CTAPP). The respective advantages of the three components in the structure are explained in detail, especially the role of CNTs with high thermal conductivity in the flame retardant system. Compared with pure natural rubber (NR), the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke production (TSP) of the composites proposed with special structural flame retardants are decreased by 68.4%, 64.3%, and 49.3%, respectively, while the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased to 28.6%. The TA-modified CNTs wrapped on the surface of APP can effectively reduce the mechanical damage caused by the flame retardant to the polymer. To sum up, the flame retardant structure of TA-modified CNTs wrapped on APP can effectively enhance the flame retardant properties of the NR matrix and reduce the negative impact on mechanics caused by adding APP flame retardant.

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The flame retardant and thermal conductivity properties of high thermal conductivity expandable graphite microcapsule filled natural rubber composites

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Konjac Glucomannan Aerogels Modified by Hydrophilic Isocyanate and Expandable Graphite with Excellent Hydrolysis Resistance, Mechanical Strength, and Flame Retardancy

Konjac Glucomannan Aerogels Modified by Hydrophilic Isocyanate and Expandable Graphite with Excellent Hydrolysis Resistance, Mechanical Strength, and Flame Retardancy

Thermomechanical and tribological properties of polyimide and polyethersulfone blends reinforced with expanded graphite particles at various elevated temperatures

Carbon Nanotube-Based Intumescent Flame Retardants Achieve High-Efficiency Flame Retardancy and Simultaneously Avoid Mechanical Property Loss

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