The FLUXCOM ensemble of global land-atmosphere energy fluxes

Jung, Martin; Koirala, Sujan; Weber, Ulrich; Ichii, Kazuhito; Gans, Fabian; Camps‐Valls, Gustau; Papale, Dario; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Tramontana, Gianluca; Reichstein, Markus

doi:10.1038/s41597-019-0076-8

Cited by 527 publications

(464 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…FLUXCOM is available from 2001 to 2014 at a resolution of 0.5° (available online at http://www.fluxcom.org). The FLUXCOM data involve two different products: one is based entirely on remote sensing data (RS), and one involves both remote sensing data and meteorological observations (RS + METEO) (Jung et al, ). In this study, we average the different data sets to obtain a single FLUXCOM series for each of the basins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GRACE‐based Mass Conservation as a Validation Target for Basin‐Scale Evapotranspiration in the Contiguous United States

Pascolini‐Campbell

Reager

Fisher

2020

Water Resources Research

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Here, we evaluate basin‐scale evapotranspiration (ET) estimates for eleven major river basins in the contiguous United States against a water balance approach with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations. The relatively precise measurements of large‐scale changes in water mass from GRACE are used to estimate the storage rate term in the terrestrial water budget and consequently provide an estimate, with propagated uncertainty, of basin‐aggregated ET from mass conservation. We apply GRACE‐based ET to two modeling systems (NLDAS‐2 and GLDAS‐2.1) comprised of five land surface models and three remote sensing‐based products (MOD16, PT‐JPL, and FLUXCOM) for 2003 to 2014. Both the land surface model‐based and remote sensing‐based ET are persistently lower than GRACE‐based ET in all eleven basins tested. We also find that interannual variability is greater for GRACE‐ET than the model and remote sensing products, and this is attributed to precipitation variability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GRACE‐based Mass Conservation as a Validation Target for Basin‐Scale Evapotranspiration in the Contiguous United States

Pascolini‐Campbell

Reager

Fisher

2020

Water Resources Research

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“…As soils may both emit and take up COS, ecosystem-scale COS flux measurements need to account for any soil exchange, even though typically the soil contribution is small (Maseyk et al, 2014;Whelan et al, 2018). One notable exception for larger soil F COS fluxes occurs in some agricultural systems (Whelan et al, 2016) due in part to the relationship of F COS with soil nitrogen (Kaisermann et al, 2018). Clearly, further studies are required in order to establish whether the complexities of and uncertainties associated with inferring g s from Eq.…”

Section: Carbonyl Sulfide (Cos) Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Turning the challenges of partitioning ecosystem evaporation and transpiration into opportunities

et al. 2019

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Evaporation (E) and transpiration (T ) respond differently to ongoing changes in climate, atmospheric composition, and land use. It is difficult to partition ecosystem-scale evapotranspiration (ET) measurements into E and T , which makes it difficult to validate satellite data and land surface models. Here, we review current progress in partitioning E and T and provide a prospectus for how to improve theory and observations going forward. Recent advancements in analytical techniques create new opportunities for partitioning E and T at the ecosystem scale, but their assumptions have yet to be fully tested. For example, many approaches to partition E and T rely on the notion that plant canopy conductance and ecosystem water use efficiency exhibit optimal responses to atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (D). We use observations from 240 eddy covariance flux towers to demonstrate that optimal ecosystem response to D is a reasonable assumption, in agreement with recent studies, but more analysis is necessary to determine the conditions for which this assumption holds. Another critical assumption for many partitioning approaches is that ET can be approximated as T during ideal transpiring conditions, which has been challenged by observational studies. We demonstrate that T can exceed 95 % of ET from certain ecosystems, but other ecosystems do not appear to reach this value, which suggests that this assumption is ecosystem-dependent with implications for partitioning. It is important to further improve approaches for partitioning E and T , yet few multi-method comparisons have been undertaken to date. Advances in our understanding of carbon-water coupling at the stomatal, leaf, and canopy level open new perspectives on how to quantify T via its strong coupling with photosynthesis. Photosynthesis can be constrained at the ecosystem and global scales with emerging data sources including solar-induced fluorescence, carbonyl sulfide flux measurements, thermography, and more. Such comparisons would improve our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem water fluxes and provide the observations necessary to validate remote sensing algorithms and land surface models to understand the changing global water cycle.

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“…Buendia et al (2010)). To further explore this hypothesis, we calculated two catchment-scale carbon 390 fluxes, that we think capture the first-order dynamics of ecosystems: the Gross Primary Production (GPP; in t/km 2 /yr) and the terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER; in t/km 2 /yr), both retrieved from remote sensing data (Table S. (Tramontana et al, 2016;Jung et al, 2019). Respiration of organic matter leads to the release of nutrients to the ecosystem, such that catchment-scale TER can be rather used as a proxy 395 for the recycling of rock-derived nutrients (such as Ba) through litter remineralization.…”

Section: Relationships Between Biological Uptake Weathering Regime mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gross Primary Production (GPP) (in t/km 2 /yr) a) and Terrestrial Ecosystem Respiration (TER) (in t/km 2 /yr) b) retrieved from remote sensing data(Tramontana et al, 2016;Jung et al, 2019) vs. weathering intensity (W/D ratio) and c) GPP and d) TER vs. flux of Ba biological uptake (F Ba bio ). An interpretation of these trends in terms of the relative prominence of the "geogenic" and "organic" pathways sensu Uhlig and von Blanckenburg (2019) is provided in panel d).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Barium stable isotopes as a fingerprint of biological cycling in the Amazon River Basin

Charbonnier¹,

Bouchez²,

Gaillardet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Although biological cycling of rock-derived nutrients is a major operator of element cycles at the Earth surface, its magnitude still remains elusive. The isotope composition of rock-derived nutrients, which can be fractionated during biological uptake, is a powerful tool to quantify biological cycling. In this paper we use the elemental and isotopic composition of such a rock-derived nutrient, the trace element barium (Ba), measured in river dissolved and sediment load samples collected across the Amazon Basin. We show that dissolved Ba derives mainly from silicate rocks, while a correlation between dissolved Ba and K abundances suggests a strong role of biological cycling on the Ba river budget. The isotope composition of Ba (δ138Ba) of the dissolved load is significantly different from that of silicate rocks and is affected by i) formation of secondary phases and ii) biological uptake and release from dead organic matter. Results from an isotope mass balance model applied to the river dissolved load data indicate that after its release to solution by rock weathering, Ba is partitioned between the dissolved load, the secondary weathering products such as those found in soils and river sediments, and the biota. In most sub-catchments of the Amazon, river dissolved Ba abundance and isotope composition are significantly affected by biological cycling. Relationships between estimates of Ba cycling and independent metrics of ecosystem dynamics (such as Gross Primary Production and Terrestrial Ecosystem Respiration) allows us to discuss the role of erosion rates on the cycling of rock-derived nutrients. In addition, river catchment-scale mass and isotope budgets of Ba show that the measured riverine export of Ba is lower than the estimated delivery of Ba to the Earth surface through rock alteration. This indicates the existence of a missing Ba component, that we attribute to the formation of a Ba-bearing particulate organic component, possibly accumulating as soil organic matter or currently growing biomass within the catchments; and to organic-bound exported as unsampled river particulate organic matter. Given our findings on the minor nutrient Ba, we explore whether the river fluxes of most major rock-derived nutrients (K, Mg, Ca) might also be significantly affected by biological uptake or release. A first-order correction of river-derived silicate weathering fluxes from biological cycling shows that, at the Amazon at mouth, the CO2 consumption by silicate weathering should be 20 % higher than the yet-reported value. Overall, our study clearly shows that the chemical and isotope composition of the Amazon (and most likely of most rivers) bears a biological imprint.

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The FLUXCOM ensemble of global land-atmosphere energy fluxes

Cited by 527 publications

References 56 publications

GRACE‐based Mass Conservation as a Validation Target for Basin‐Scale Evapotranspiration in the Contiguous United States

GRACE‐based Mass Conservation as a Validation Target for Basin‐Scale Evapotranspiration in the Contiguous United States

Reviews and syntheses: Turning the challenges of partitioning ecosystem evaporation and transpiration into opportunities

Barium stable isotopes as a fingerprint of biological cycling in the Amazon River Basin

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