The foreign policy of post-Mubarak Egypt and the strengthening of relations with Saudi Arabia: balancing between economic vulnerability and regional and regime security

Azaola-Piazza, Bárbara

doi:10.1080/13629387.2018.1454650

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For Indonesia, the role of Arabic is considered strategic in diplomatic affairs with Middle Eastern countries in the fields of education, politics, business, health, and the economy. 1 This interest also refutes the narrative that states the limitations of Arabic only as a religious language in Islam. In fact, Arabic has the same function as other languages as a communication tool that can be used by everyone regardless of religion, ethnicity, culture, and race.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The future of Arabic language learning for non-Muslims as an actualization of Wasathiyah Islam in Indonesia

Ritonga¹,

Wang²,

Novigator³

2023

F1000Res

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Background: The majority of Indonesians believe and act as if the only people who can learn and be taught Arabic are Muslims. This fact goes against the basic idea that language is a way to communicate. So, the goal of this study is to find out what opportunities and plans there are for non-Muslims in Indonesia to learn Arabic. The goal of this study is to get language back to its basic function of being a way to communicate. It can also be the basis for putting Wasathiyah Islam into practise in Indonesia. Methods: This study was carried out in accordance with the official guidelines for research ethics established by the Ministry of Higher Education Research in the Republic of Indonesia. Between June 11 and August 30, 2022, the research was done. The research was carried out with two approaches, namely quantitative first and followed by qualitative. After collecting and analysing data for a study, researchers submit their findings to reviewers appointed by Indonesia's Ministry of Research and Technology. Results: A total of 64 participants were surveyed, and based on their responses, the following was determined; Researchers conduct interviews directly with informants who are considered to have the ability to provide information related to research themes. Therefore, researchers conducted interviews with 24. First, non-Muslims in Indonesia should study Arabic since language is a communication instrument. This includes religion, ethnicity, and race not limiting language acquisition. Second, teaching non-Muslims Arabic in Indonesia will help to implement Wasathiyah Islam there. Non-Indonesian Muslims who know Arabic will be more tolerant. Third, because Arabic is a communication tool, there is no big challenge for non-Muslims to learn Arabic. Conclusion: However, in terms of obstacles, of course, there are many big obstacles, namely the unsupportive Arabic learning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The future of Arabic language learning for non-Muslims as an actualization of Wasathiyah Islam in Indonesia

Ritonga¹,

Wang²,

Novigator³

2023

F1000Res

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“…Others focus on the parties and movements' participation in the political and electoral game (Masoud, 2014;Pellicer & Wegner, 2014;Szmolka, 2015Szmolka, , 2019Wegner & Cavatorta, 2019), the nature and characteristics of parties' membership (Cimini, 2020;Tomé-Alonso, 2016) or a more far-reaching comparative perspective (Esposito et al, 2018;Kraetzchmar & Rivetti, 2018). More recently, some researchers have turned to the foreign relations of Islamist actors (Abouzzohour & Tomé-Alonso, 2019;Adraoui, 2018;Azaola-Piazza, 2019;Fernández-Molina et al, 2019;Schraeder et al, 2019). When the failure to bring about 'either the breakdown of authoritarian regimes or transition to some form of post-authoritarian governance' (Heydemann, 2016) became clearly apparent, researchers more vocally explored the impact of the closing of democratic horizons on Islamist politics in terms of the repression-radicalization hypothesis 1 (Lynch & Schwedler, 2020).…”

Section: Islamist Politics In Context: What Is the Missing Piece?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking Islamist politics in North Africa: a multi-level analysis of domestic, regional and international dynamics

Cimini

Tomé‐Alonso

2021

Contemporary Politics

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Since 2011, considerable upheavals in domestic politics, shifting regional power balances and international shocks have been greatly affecting Islamist movements and parties coming to the forefront of the political arena in Tunisia, Egypt and Morocco. This Special Issue combines a more theoretical reflection upon the underappreciated interaction of domestic, regional and international factors with an empirical focus on the development of Islamists. It also enriches the case history of comparative politics analyses through the investigation of new relevant rational actors in countries whose political trajectories differ considerably. By opting for an inside-out perspective and actor-centered approach, we aim to overcome the 'compartmentalization' of the three levels of analysis and the 'obsession' with moderation for Islamists. Borrowing a set of mechanisms first identified by social movement and policy diffusion literature, this introduction lays out the analytical framework informing all the contributions which is based on adaptation, learning, competition, and collaboration dynamics.

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“…El marco de análisis del estudio es el definido por la política exterior (Azaola, 2019), que establece una diferencia entre tres niveles de observación para evaluar el comportamiento de un Estado en las relaciones internacionales: el global, el regional/ subregional y el nacional. Además, en relación con la esfera doméstica saudí se hace necesario considerar la estrecha interrelación que existe entre las decisiones del monarca y las políticas del reino en un país donde la personalización y la patrimonialización del Estado caracterizan todo el proceso de toma de decisiones (Médard, 1990;Mouline, 2010;Hinnebusch, 2003: 110-120;Mabon, 2018: 3).…”

Section: Metodologíaunclassified

La política exterior de Arabia Saudí: equilibrio entre factores domésticos y externos

Olazábal

Martínez

2021

Rev. Esp. Cienc. Polít.

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country's foreign strategy. The kingdom's ultimate objective, both yesterday and today, is to guarantee the House of Saud's stability and legitimacy. The text pays special attention to the different dimensions of the so-called 'Salman doctrine' and the key role played by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, currently Defense minister. It also reexamines the main issues on the Saudi regime's national and regional agenda.

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The foreign policy of post-Mubarak Egypt and the strengthening of relations with Saudi Arabia: balancing between economic vulnerability and regional and regime security

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

The future of Arabic language learning for non-Muslims as an actualization of Wasathiyah Islam in Indonesia

The future of Arabic language learning for non-Muslims as an actualization of Wasathiyah Islam in Indonesia

Rethinking Islamist politics in North Africa: a multi-level analysis of domestic, regional and international dynamics

La política exterior de Arabia Saudí: equilibrio entre factores domésticos y externos

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