The formation of ketones in the presence of carbon monoxide over CuO/ZnO/Al2O3

Catalytic steam reforming of ethanol to produce hydrogen and acetone

“…Acetone was formed via acetaldehyde and its formation required water. Therefore, the following mechanism proposed by Elliott and Pennella [24] should be applied, where (S) means surface of the catalyst.…”

One-step synthesis of 2-pentanone from ethanol over K-Pd/MnOx-ZrO2-ZnO catalyst

“…D.J. Elliott et al reported that 2-pentanone could be detected in the liquid products by passing ethanol over CuO/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst under N 2 at 285 • C and 6.5 MPa, but the selectivity of 2-pentanone was very poor [15]. When 1-propanol was used as feed over the same catalyst, 3-pentanone (41.3% based on carbon atom) as the principal product was detected in the liquid products.…”

Isobutanol-Methanol Mixtures From Synthesis Gas

“…Acetone seems to be an intermediate species as well. The presence of acetone (the (2n-1) ketone) among reaction products is due to the presence of the CO product of methanol decomposition [46]. An earlier study [46] suggested that CO was necessary for the formation of oxygen vacancies.…”

“…The literature on alcohol coupling reaction suggests that aldehydes formed by dehydrogenation steps are reactive intermediates in chain growth [21]. Studies on Cu/ZnO catalysts by Elliott et al [46] have shown that primary alcohols containing ncarbon atoms condense at atmospheric pressure to form predominantly C 2n esters and C 2n and C 2n-1 ketones. These authors report that the presence of CO influences product distributions; esters were formed preferentially in N 2 atmospheres but ketones were favored when CO was present.…”

“…Elliott and Penella's [46] mechanistic proposal can be summarized by the sequence of steps as illustrated below: 1) The initial formation of a C n -aldehyde from a C n -alcohol by dehydrogenation…”