The formation of protective nitride surfaces for PEM fuel cell metallic bipolar plates

Brady, Michael P.; Yang, Bing; Wang, Heli; Turner, John A.; More, Karren L.; Wilson, Mahlon S.; Garzón, Fernando H.

doi:10.1007/s11837-006-0054-4

Cited by 66 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…CrN-Ni coatings can be prepared relatively easily by reactive magnetron sputtering using a Ni-Cr alloy target in a nitrogen reactive gas environment [3,4]. Due to the low permeability of Ni to nitrogen [3,9], chromium tends to form stable nitrides (CrN and Cr 2 N) more readily [3,6,9]. In addition, Ni is insoluble in stoichiometric CrN [3,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing toughness of CrN coatings by Ni addition for safety-critical applications

Munroe

Jiang

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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CrN is one of the most important transition metal nitrides, used as protective and anti-wear coating in modern engineering applications. However, CrN coatings are typically brittle and susceptible to catastrophic failure. In this paper, CrNiN coatings with differing Ni contents were deposited on tool steel substrates using a closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system. The effects of Ni addition on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of CrN thin films were studied by combining nanoindentation tests with cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. A columnar structure was observed in the CrN coating. With an increase in Ni content, the resultant columnar grains exhibited a high aspect ratio. Ni additions to CrN were

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the low permeability of Ni to nitrogen [3,9], chromium tends to form stable nitrides (CrN and Cr 2 N) more readily [3,6,9]. In addition, Ni is insoluble in stoichiometric CrN [3,9]. It has been shown that the Ni content influences the coating hardness [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing toughness of CrN coatings by Ni addition for safety-critical applications

Munroe

Jiang

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…Instead of forming a continuous nitride layer on model Ni-50Cr alloy, the surface chemistry of nitrided 446 SS consisted of nitrogen-modified oxides [115]. A short pre-oxidation step has greatly modified the process and the performance of thermally nitrided alloys [73,[121][122][123][124].…”

Section: Tinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Metallic PEMFC Bipolar Plates

2010

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A bipolar plate is one of the most important components in a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack and has multiple functions. Metallic bipolar plate candidates have advantages over composite rivals in excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength, high chemical stability, very wide alloy choices, low cost and, most importantly, existing pathways for high‐volume, high‐speed mass production. The challenges with metallic bipolar plates are the higher contact resistance and possible corrosion products, which may contaminate the membrane electrode assembly. This review evaluates the candidate metallic and coating materials for bipolar plates and gives the perspective of the research trends.

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“…There are many works [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] that austenitic stainless steels [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and Ni-based alloy [14][15][16] bipolar plates have preferable corrosion resistance in the real PEMFC environments. For example, types 316L [3,6,7], 310S [4,8,[9][10][11][12][13] and 904L [5] stainless steels have been proposed as promising materials by Davies et al [4,5]: the cell performance improved with increasing chromium and nickel contents in the stainless steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of extra low interstitials ferritic stainless steels for bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Kumagai¹,

Ichikawa

Yashiro

2010

Journal of Power Sources

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Ferritic stainless steels can be attractive bipolar plate materials of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), provided that the stainless steels show sufficient corrosion resistance, for instance, by eliminating interstitial elements such as carbon and nitrogen. In the present study, thus, ferritic stainless steels (19Cr2Mo and 22Cr2Mo) with extra low interstitials (ELI) are evaluated to determine demanded level of chromium content to apply them for PEMFC bipolar plates. In a simulated PEMFC stainless steel can be applicable to bipolar plates for PEMFC, especially 22 mass % of chromium content in ferritic stainless steel with ELI system is, at least, demanded to ensure stable cell performance.

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The formation of protective nitride surfaces for PEM fuel cell metallic bipolar plates

Cited by 66 publications

References 41 publications

Enhancing toughness of CrN coatings by Ni addition for safety-critical applications

Enhancing toughness of CrN coatings by Ni addition for safety-critical applications

Reviewing Metallic PEMFC Bipolar Plates

Applicability of extra low interstitials ferritic stainless steels for bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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