The frequency of risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients in Babol, Northern Iran, during 2008-2015

Abstract

In the current study, we investigated the risk factors for tuberculosis in patients admitted to the Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol, north of Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 207 patients with proven tuberculosis during the years 2008-2015. Demographic data such as age and sex, smoking, history of underlying illness, illness symptoms, and laboratory results were collected and analyzed at a significant level of less than 0.05. From 207 patients, 136 were male (65.7%), 71 were female (34.3%), and 76 of them (37.3%) were smokers. It is notable that most patients (29.5%) were over the age of 71. The relation between age profile and being tuberculosis has been studied, but the co-relation was found to be not significant. The most common complaint has been coughing (60.9%). While investigating underling diseases, the most common illness has found to be Diabetes (11.3%). Based our finding, there was a significant relationship between gender and smoking with tuberculosis. Accordingly, as smoking is one of the risk factors for tuberculosis, smokers and non-smokers should be informed that smoking carries the risk for tuberculosis. Such a program should be particularly addressed to males.

Peculiarities of the detection and course of the pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis taking into account drug resistance

“…Pediatric TB is a direct consequence from the adult, and is a marker of the current transmission of TB infection in society [2]. The researchers point out that drug resistance in children is mostly due to primary transmission, rather than the influence of previous specific treatment, which means the transmission of an already stable strain of MBT through a family contact with adults [20,21]. According to our data, 52.2% of all children with EPRTB were in contact with a bacterial excretor, but only half of them had contact with a bacterial excretor with resistant strains of MBT.…”

“…During the study period (2013-2020), the frequency of extrapulmonary TB in children was 9.8%. Moreover, children under 1 and under 3 years old were significantly more likely to predominate in the group with EPRTB, compared to the group with EPSTB (56.5% vs 20…”

Tuberculosis treatment results in Western Iran over the past 13 years

“…Furthermore, in individuals with TB there were 1.3 million fatalities and more than 300,000 deaths in individuals with TB and HIV. Tuberculosis incidence in Iran is 20 cases per 100,000 individuals (2,3). Although tuberculosis fatalities have decreased over the previous century, they still constitute a danger to humanity.…”