The Friedel‐Crafts Acylation Reaction I. Substituent Effect in the Friedel‐Crafts Benzoylation of Toluene

Slootmaekers, P. J.; Roosen, R.; Verhulst, J.

doi:10.1002/bscb.19620710708

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Solvent ‐Various organic solvents such as chlorobenzene, carbon disulphide, nitrobenzene etc have been used for the Friedel‐Crafts acylation. A few reports also state using benzoyl chloride as the reaction medium .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

Jain

Samant

2020

ChemistrySelect

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Leaching of active species is one of the major causes of catalyst deactivation. The accumulation of this leached species as chemical waste can be detrimental to the environment. In this study, a series of environmentally benign core-shell catalysts of type Bi 2 O 3 @mSiO 2 were synthesized to address these issues. The catalysts, varying in silica content and shell thickness, were characterized and evaluated for Friedel-Crafts benzoylation. Amongst them, Bi-4 (containing 71.8 % Bi 2 O 3 ), having shell thickness of ∼ 42 nm, showed the best response under optimized conditions. Textural analysis of Bi-4 confirmed the mesoporous nature of shell, with average pore diameter of ∼ 40 Å and surface area of 62 m 2 /g. During the reaction, the Bi 2 O 3 core was converted to BiOCl, which was easily recycled back to its original form. No leaching or any loss in catalytic activity was observed for the recycled catalyst during reuse. Thus, an inexpensive, reusable and environmentally benign catalyst is proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

Jain

Samant

2020

ChemistrySelect

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The Enthalpy‐Entropy Relationship

Exner

1973

Progress in Physical Organic Chemistry

254

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The Friedel‐crafts acylation reaction. II. A study of the Hammett relationship in the Friedel‐crafts benzoylation of toluene with substituted benzoyl chlorides.

Slootmaekers¹,

Rasschaert²,

Janssens³

1966

Bulletin des Soc Chimique

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Dans l'etude de l'effet de substituant dans la reaction d'acylation du toluene par des chlorures de benzoyle substituds en meta ou en para, on constate que les rhctivitds de ces derniers, relatives au chlorure de benzoyle non substitud, ne sont pas correlbs par l'kquation de Hammett.I1 est montrk que la distribution des isomeres dans le produit de rhction de chaque membre de la skrie de rhctions est pratiquement constante, et que la sdrie de rkctions est caracteri&e par une relation isocinktique. Par ailleurs, pour expliquer la ddviation a l'huation de Hammett, on ne peut invoquer ni une diffkrence dans la polaritk du milieu reactionnel pour chaque membre de la skrie de reactions, ni une ddpendance de la valeur de In constante des substituants de Hammett de la nature du solvant employe (le chlorobenzene).Les rbultats sont alors discutbs en termes d'une interaction mbomere entre substituant en para et le centre rdactionnel. Quoique cette explication semble justifib, il est montrk que ces faits peuvent tout aussi bien provenir d'un leger changement dans le mkhanisme de la rdaction pour les differents termes de la drie de rhctions.La constante de Hammett du groupernent para-cyclohexyl a dtd ddterminie par titration potentiometrique, et est egale -0,lS k 0,03 unites sigma.

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The Friedel‐Crafts Acylation Reaction I. Substituent Effect in the Friedel‐Crafts Benzoylation of Toluene

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

The Enthalpy‐Entropy Relationship

The Friedel‐crafts acylation reaction. II. A study of the Hammett relationship in the Friedel‐crafts benzoylation of toluene with substituted benzoyl chlorides.

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The Friedel‐Crafts Acylation Reaction I. Substituent Effect in the Friedel‐Crafts Benzoylation of Toluene

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Bi2O3@mSiO2 as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

Bi2O3@mSiO2 as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

The Enthalpy‐Entropy Relationship

The Friedel‐crafts acylation reaction. II. A study of the Hammett relationship in the Friedel‐crafts benzoylation of toluene with substituted benzoyl chlorides.

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Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy

Bi₂O₃@mSiO₂ as an Environmentally Benign and Sustainable Solid Acid Catalyst for Benzoylation of Aromatics: Impact of Silica Encapsulation on Catalyst Leaching and Reaction Synergy