Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone formation between the proximal and distal segments after a sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with bent plate fixation.Subjects and Methods. The subjects were 23 patients (46 sides) who underwent bilateral SSRO setback surgery. They were divided into titanium and absorbable plate groups. A 3-7 mm gap was made between the proximal and distal segments and a bent plate was fixed with 4 screws in each side of the mandible. The square of ramus (RmS), the antero-posterior length (RmA-RmP), and the medio-lateral width (RmM-RmL) of the ramus at the horizontal plane under the mandibular foramen were assessed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 1 year postoperatively by computed tomography (CT).Results. There were no significant differences between the titanium and absorbable plate groups over time. RmS after 1 year was larger than pre-operatively in both groups (P<0.0001). RmA-RmP significantly increased immediately after surgery and significantly decreased after 1 year in both groups (P<0.0001). RmA-RmP after 1 year was significantly larger than the preoperative value in both groups (P<0.0001). RmM-RmL showed a similar tendency to the antero-posterior length, but was not significant.
Conclusion.The gap between the proximal and distal segments can fill with new bone after SSRO with both titanium and absorbable plates, even with few bony contacts between segments.