The Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) in animal feeding

Döll, Susanne; Dänicke, Sven

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.04.008

Cited by 171 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Estrogenic activity thus appears to be the key mechanism behind the pathological effects of ZEN and its main metabolites (Gajęcki et al 2010). Among farm and companion animals, pre-pubertal gilts and bitches are most sensitive to the presence of ZEN and its metabolites in feed (Döll and Dänicke 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of experimental low zearalenone intoxication on ovarian follicles in pre-pubertal bitches

Gajęcka¹

2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Companion animals, including bitches, may be exposed to zearalenone (ZEN) toxins that are often present in feed, and ZEN intoxication may lead to ovarian dysfunction. This study involved evaluation of the degree of ZEN-induced hypo stimulation of ovary by determination of proliferative and apoptotic indices and description of the ultra-structural organization of ovarian follicles in pre-pubertal bitches subjected to experimental, long-term exposure to low-dose ZEN mycotoxicosis. The experiment involved 30 clinically healthy, immature Beagle bitches aged approximately 70 days with initial average body weight of 8 kg, randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: two experimental groups (EI and EII) and a control group (C). Over a period of 42 days, ZEN was administered per os to EI animals at a dose of 50 μg/kg BW, and to EII bitches at a dose of 75 μg/kg BW. Control group animals were fed placebo containing no ZEN for 42 days. Analytical samples of the mycotoxin were administered daily in gelatin capsules before morning feeding. All the bitches were subjected to ovario-hysterectomy at the end of the experiment. Proliferation index (PCNA method) and apoptotic index (TUNEL test) values were determined by immune-histological analyses. The median for apoptotic index was determined at 13.45 for group EI, 17.84 for group EII, and 8.59 for group C. The median for proliferation index was determined at 35.25 for group EII, 42.44 for group EI, and 70.60 for group C. The results of ultra-structural examinations of the ovaries revealed that experimental, ZEN-induced hyperestrogenism enhanced apoptosis and lowered the proliferative ability of follicular cells what contributed to organelle destruction in pre-pubertal bitches. The changes observed were particularly advanced in EII animals, which were administered a higher dose of ZEN.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of experimental low zearalenone intoxication on ovarian follicles in pre-pubertal bitches

Gajęcka¹

2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…The most important mycotoxin-producing fungi belong to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, and Claviceps (Doll and Danicke 2011). Fusarium mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several species of Fusarium molds.…”

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confidence: 99%

The genotoxicity of caecal water from gilts following experimentally induced Fusarium mycotoxicosis

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT:The examination of caecal contents allows one to investigate the exposure of colon mucosa to dietary toxins and the chemical contaminants present in animal feed. The objective of the present study was to examine the influence of Fusarium mycotoxins (zearalenone, ZEN, and deoxynivalenol, DON), administered separately and as a mixture, on the genotoxicity of caecal water (CW) from gilts fed these mycotoxins. CW genotoxicity was evaluated with the comet assay using the LLC-PK1 porcine epithelial kidney cell line. It was shown that after the first week of the experiment, the presence of DON in animal feed led to increased CW genotoxicity in the proximal colon, while the presence of DON and ZEN + DON had a similar effect in the distal colon (ANOVA, P < 0.05). After the third week of experiment, elevated genotoxicity in the distal colon was observed for all experimental groups of gilts, and it was 62%, 52.4%, and 52.8% higher for ZEN-, DON-, and ZEN + DON-fed animals, respectively, than for control group animals. However, no effect on CW genotoxicity in the proximal colon was seen. After six weeks, the presence of ZEN in the proximal colon increased CW genotoxicity by 103% in comparison with the control group. In the distal colon, after the sixth week, CW genotoxicity in all groups of animals fed with mycotoxin was significantly (by 80% to 116%) higher than in the control group. ZEN and DON administered as a mixture did not lead to an increased genotoxicity compared to either agent administered separately. Generally, the mycotoxins clearly started to increase the genotoxicity of CW from the third week of administration.

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“…The clinical signs of hyperestrogenism due to ZEA ingestion become more evident with increasing concentrations of the mycotoxin (Doll and Danicke, 2011). The damage to the female reproductive tract attributed to ZEA is due to the competition of mycotoxin and its metabolites with the estrogenic receptors (Bryden, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once ingested, ZEA is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and biotransformed mainly in the liver into two metabolites, α-and β-zearalenol (Teixeira et al, 2011;Mostrom, 2012), which causes reproductive disorders and hyperestrogenic effects by binding to estrogenic receptors (Doll and Danicke, 2011). Hyperestrogenism is characterized by redness of the vulva, increased vulvar volume and possible rectal or vaginal prolapse due to relaxed sphincters.…”

Section: Produced Mainly Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a yeast additive to mitigate the effects of zearalenonecontaminated feed in gilts

Leitão

Oliveira

Keller

et al. 2017

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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Eficacia de un aditivo de levadura en cerdas jóvenes que consumen piensos contaminados con zearalenona Eficácia de um aditivo de levedura para leitoas que consomem ração contaminada por zearalenona Seropédica, Brasil. (Received: January 31, 2016; accepted: May 10, 2017) doi: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v30n4a05 Abstract Background: Mycotoxins are a significant cause of economic losses in swine farming and adsorbents based on yeast cell walls provide an alternative solution to reducing this challenge. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of an antimycotoxin additive (AMA; Safmannan ® ) for preventing the toxic effects of zearalenone

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The Fusarium toxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) in animal feeding

Cited by 171 publications

References 74 publications

The effect of experimental low zearalenone intoxication on ovarian follicles in pre-pubertal bitches

The effect of experimental low zearalenone intoxication on ovarian follicles in pre-pubertal bitches

The genotoxicity of caecal water from gilts following experimentally induced Fusarium mycotoxicosis

Efficacy of a yeast additive to mitigate the effects of zearalenonecontaminated feed in gilts

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