The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt

Shanbara, Hayder Kamil; Dulaimi, Anmar; Al-Mansoori, T.; Al-Busaltan, Shakir; Herez, Manar; Sadique, Monower; Abdel-Wahed, Talaat

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111318

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 100 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As it does not need any heating processes, a mixture of bituminous materials formed at room temperature is called "cold mix asphalt" (CMA). Low-energy cold mix materials are of great interest for environmental, energy cost, and safety reasons, and could be used to replace current hot mix asphalt (HMA) (Dulaimi et al, 2016;Jian et al, 2020;Shanbara et al, 2021). The application of bitumen emulsion is mostly limited to surface treatments, such as surface OPEN ACCESS EDITED BY dressing, slurry surfacing, and restoration work on low-traffic roads and sidewalks, due to its poor strength (Lu et al, 2013;Al Nageim et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of paper sludge ash and incinerated sewage ash in emulsified asphalt cold mixtures

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Certain disadvantages could have appeared while using hot mix asphalt (HMA), such as the release of unhealthy gases into the environment (environmental issues), difficulty in sustaining the temperature over long distances (logistical issues), and consuming a sufficient amount of energy while preparing and laying down (practical and economic issues). To overcome the aforementioned issues, this study aimed to develop rapid-curing emulsified asphalt cold mixes (EACM) comprising a cementitious filler made from industrial by-product materials. Paper sludge ash (PSA) is used as an active filler for application in the EACM rather than conventional mineral filler. Additionally, to maximize the effect of PSA’s hydraulic activity, incinerated sewage ash (ISA) is utilized as an activator at a concentration of 0%–4% by mass of the aggregates. The results demonstrate that the use of waste PSA significantly improves the indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) by around 10 times more after 2 days than the traditional emulsified asphalt cold mixes. In addition, the improvement in ITSM was around 30% and 65% for 6%PSA+1%ISA and 6%PSA+4%ISA mixes, respectively. Furthermore, the rutting for the 6%PSA+1%ISA and 6%PSA+4%ISA mixes decreased to around 19% and 11% in comparison to the traditional 131-pen HMA. The formation of hydration products and rapid demulsification of asphalt emulsion, which results in binding within the mixtures, are responsible for the increased ITSM and rutting resistance. As a result, environmental issues are minimized, and energy preservation may be maintained.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of paper sludge ash and incinerated sewage ash in emulsified asphalt cold mixtures

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hot mix asphalt (HMA) is the primary material utilized for asphalt pavements with an estimate of 95% of the world roads surfaced by this ubiquitous material as the main material . It provides excellent road surfaces that are comfortable to ride over, reduces noise, and increases riding safety. − HMA is a complex mixture usually composed of 5 wt % bitumen and 95 wt % inert mineral aggregates of different size gradation, − and it is produced at high temperatures of approximately 150–180 °C, as opposed to warm mix asphalt (WMA) produced at 100–150 °C. The mineral skeleton of the asphalt mixture is composed of fillers and aggregates, whose role is to provide mechanical stability to the road pavement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased Spore Microcapsules for Asphalt Self-Healing

Alpizar-Reyes

Concha

Martín‐Martínez

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Asphalt pavements and bituminous composites are majorly damaged by bitumen aging and fatigue cracking by traffic load. To add, maintenance and reparation of asphalt pavements is expensive and also releases significant amounts of greenhouse gases. These issues can be mitigated by promoting asphalt self-healing mechanisms with encapsulated rejuvenators. The ability of the required microcapsules to be resilient against high temperatures, oxidation, and mechanical stress is essential to promote such self-healing behavior without compromising the field performance of the asphalt pavement. This work proposes, for the first time, the use of extremely resistant biobased spores for the encapsulation of recycled oil-based rejuvenators to produce more resilient self-healing pavements. Spore encapsulants were obtained from natural spores (Lycopodium clavatum) by applying different chemical treatments, which enabled the selection of the best morphologically intact and clean spore encapsulant. The physical, morphological, and physicochemical changes were examined using fluorescence images, ATR-FTIR, SEM, size distribution, XRD, TGA and DSC analyses. Sunflower oil was used as the encapsulated rejuvenator with an optimal sol colloidal mixture for sporopollenin–oil of 1:5 (gram-to-gram). Vacuum, passive, and centrifugal encapsulation techniques were tested for loading the rejuvenator inside the clean spores and for selecting the best encapsulation technology. The encapsulation efficiency and the profiles of the accelerated release of the rejuvenator from the loaded spores over time were studied, and these processes were visualized with optical and inverted fluorescence microscopy. Vacuum encapsulation was identified as the best loading technique with an encapsulation efficiency of 93.02 ± 3.71%. The rejuvenator was successfully encapsulated into the clean spores, as observed by optical and SEM morphologies. In agreement with the TGA and DSC, the microcapsules were stable up to 204 °C. Finally, a self-healing test was conducted through fluorescence tests to demonstrate how these biobased spore microcapsules completely heal a crack into an aged bitumen sample in 50 min.

show abstract

“…However, using cement only has a considerable CO 2 impact, and cement is also considered a costly material. Thus, other trials have used cement with by-products or waste materials as supplementary materials [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Cement Kiln Dust and Cement on Cold Mix Asphalt Characteristics at Different Climate

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mixes. However, asphalt emulsion and water are used in such mixes. To date, many countries are still not using these mixes as a structure layer. This can be attributed mainly to their low resistance to rainfall, long curing time and low early strength. The addition of cementitious filler to CBEMs as a clean paving material is a potential technique to achieve superior mechanical qualities. The aim of this research is to compare improved CBEMs that might be used as a wearing surface to hot mix asphalt (HMA). These improvements were carried out through the use of a combination of cement and limestone, or a combination of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and cement kiln dust (CKD). CBEMs were prepared according to Egyptian and British gradations using different percentages of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), CKD, and limestone. This may offer a new cold bitumen emulsion mixture to be used as a structural pavement layer in such countries. The main tests performed for the assessment of the mixes in this research are indirect tensile stiffness modulus, fatigue resistance, and resistance to rutting at different temperatures (20°C, 45°C, and 60 °C). The results show that adding OPC to CBEMs enhanced the results in terms of ITSM, rutting and fatigue resistance. However, significant improvements were made by binary filler made of CKD and OPC to the said mechanical properties in terms of both UK and Egyptian gradations. The ITSM values for both CBEMUK6 and CBEMEg6, which contain 80% OPC + 20% CKD, improved by around 8 and 9 times in comparison to CBEMUK1 and CBEMEg1, which contain 20% OPC + 80% L.S, respectively.

show abstract

The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt

Cited by 62 publications

References 100 publications

Application of paper sludge ash and incinerated sewage ash in emulsified asphalt cold mixtures

Application of paper sludge ash and incinerated sewage ash in emulsified asphalt cold mixtures

Biobased Spore Microcapsules for Asphalt Self-Healing

The Impact of Cement Kiln Dust and Cement on Cold Mix Asphalt Characteristics at Different Climate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About