High spin states of 126Ba have been populated via the 1168n (13C, 3n) reaction and were investigated by inbeam gamma-ray spectroscopy. Partially NaJ (T1)-BGO anti-compton shields were used. Two positive parity band crossings were established. The yrast band was observed up to a tentative 18 § level. The gamma-bands and two band structures of negative parity were found. In addition a tentative 3-state has been seen. Twoquasiparticle Routhians are constructed from the one-quasiparticle Routhians of the bands in the odd neighbouring isotopes and isotones and are compared to the ones observed in 126Ba. This leads to a h11/2 gv/2-neutron structure of the strongly coupled negative parity bands and a two-quasiproton structure of the decoupled bands of negative parity. The branching and mixing ratios for the neutron bands are analyzed.Nuclear Reactions: 1168n (13C, 3n7), E=46-61 MeV; measured E~, It(E), Iv(z), 7--7 -coinc. ~ 26Ba deduced levels, J, n, comparison of Routhians, enriched target, Ge-detector, anti-compton shield.