The gap recession reduced MIG head

Tsuchiya, Toshio; Abe, Motoyuki; Nero, Y.; Inarfa, K.

doi:10.1109/20.281351

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The probe (tapping-mode tip) is brought closer to the sample to establish intermittent contact with the surface. A simple model to describe PTR has been reported by Tsuchiya et al (1993). The removal rate of materials was calculated by assuming linear and arch-like behavior, with removal rate coefficients of k s and k m for the alumina and metal tips, respectively.…”

Section: Ptr Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Lubricants on the Precision Lapping Process

et al. 2014

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The impact of lubricants on pole-tip recession and surface morphology of hard disk drive heads in the precision lapping process was investigated with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and auger electron spectroscopy. In particular, the effects of deionized water, hydrocarbon oil, ethanediol, isopropanol, and ethanol lubricants were evaluated. The results reveal that proper selection of lubricant is critical for achieving optimal performance in the lapping process. A mixture of 68% hydrocarbon oil, 30% isopropanol, and 2% octadecenoic acid was found to yield the most favorable results, displaying a writer shield recession, first shield of reader recession, and surface roughness of 0.423, 0.581, and 0.242 nm, respectively.

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Section: Ptr Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Lubricants on the Precision Lapping Process

et al. 2014

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“…Previous studies showed that metal core recession depended on the relative wear rates of various head materials and the kind of tape being used in the tape drive (20,21). Experiments with an 8-mm camcorder which uses amorphous CoNbZr metal in gap (MIG) heads showed that metal core recession reached a stable value in about 15 h of streaming mode operation and that ME tape caused larger metal core recession than MP and BaFeO tapes (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Friction, wear and magnetic performance of metal evaporated and particulate magnetic tapes

Patton

Bhushan

1997

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Metal evaporated (ME), metal particle (MP) and barium ferrite (BaFeO) magnetic tapes are leading candidates for ultra-high-density magnetic tape recording applications. Using a commercial video cassette recorder as a magnetometer and the Wallace equation, changes in the r.m.s. head output level were correlated to changes in head-to-tape spacing as tape wear occurred during play=rewind cycling tests. Interface stability and recording performance at a 0.6 ìm recording wavelength were measured to bit level resolution using a drop-out counter. Some pause mode testing was done for comparison with streaming mode experiments. Methodologies to measure head and tape wear were developed and applied to worn specimens. Development of the experimental apparatus with nanometer vertical and submicrosecond temporal resolutions has enabled unprecedented understanding of the interplay of friction, wear and surface topography in a sliding contact. Waviness of ME tape and high roughness of BaFeO tape led to poor highdensity recording performance as compared to the excellent performance of the flat MP tape. Interface stability generally improved as the tapes were used and worn smooth by the rotary heads, and head-to-tape spacing was reduced by about 10 nm over 1000 play=rewind cycles for the tapes. ME tape showed the least durability of all of the tapes, and damage areas initiated at high points or bumps on the tape surface were connected by lateral cracks (driven by longitudinal tension) across the tape width at tape failure after about 800 play=rewind cycles. MP tape performance improved gradually through 1000 play=rewind cycles. High asperities on the virgin tapes were severed off the tapes during the record pass, and those that remained on the tape surface increased friction force and tape wear by three-body abrasion early on in play=rewind cycling tests. Lower friction and virtually no wear were observed later in cycling tests when loose wear debris were no longer on the tape surface and the wear mechanism was adhesive. The wear coefficient in the streaming mode was larger than that in the pause mode due to abrasive particles in the contact interface in the streaming mode. MP and BaFeO tapes caused head stains on the metal core and glass surfaces of composite metal-in-gap heads. Anisotropic high tape stiffness led to asymmetrical head wear and head contours with large radii of curvature.

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“…PTR in sandwich heads is further complicated by differential wear of lamination layers within the soft magnetic sandwich, which may either be recessive or protrusive as compared to the soft magnetic material. Possible mechanisms for PTR have been modelled by Tsuchiya, Abe and Noro (1,2) and by Broese van Groenau et al (3). The former find PTR to be broadly independent of the form of the composite head (MIG, sandwich, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Of prime importance is the nature of the head±tape contact. Intimate contact is desired to minimize signal loss, as governed by equation (1). An air bearing is required to prevent catastrophic damage on repeated head±tape collision in the helical scan mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear mechanisms of sandwich-type video heads

Harrison

Sullivan

Theunissen

1997

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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Differential wear between the various material components of composite magnetic recording heads is observed upon running against the magnetic medium. A developing level difference between the magnetic material and the medium bearing surface leads to signal degradation, exponential with the difference and the signal frequency. Experimental evidence is presented for a three-body erosion mechanism in the case of sandwich heads employed in commercial helical scan, Hi-8 video tape recorders. Two sintered ceramic substrates, CaTiO 3 and composite Zr-doped CaTiO 3 , in combination with three soft magnetic materials, amorphous CoNbZr and the nanocrystalline iron alloys FeNbSiN and FeTaN, have been studied. They have been studied in conjunction with commercial metal evaporated (ME) and metal particulate (MP) tapes. Level difference has been measured by interferometry and AFM (atomic force microscopy), the latter also observing level differences between the various components of the sandwich: soft magnetic metal, ceramic laminations and the metallic bonding layer. AFM shows a pull-out of particles from the ceramic substrate with similar sized particles observed on the track. Scanning Auger micrographs have shown the transfer of ceramic particles on to the track and of metal on to the substrate. Wear rates and wear mechanisms have been identified for the materials in isolation by studying single-material dummy heads. This has been identified as plastic deformation controlled microabrasion, transforming to grain pullout in the crystalline materials in some instances. It is speculated that these pull-outs are responsible for the wear of the soft metallic track when this is out of contact with the tape. The evidence for chemical wear is inconclusive. The involvement of transfer material from the tape to the head is speculated upon.

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The gap recession reduced MIG head

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

The Impact of Lubricants on the Precision Lapping Process

The Impact of Lubricants on the Precision Lapping Process

Friction, wear and magnetic performance of metal evaporated and particulate magnetic tapes

Wear mechanisms of sandwich-type video heads

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