The Gas‐Absorption/Chemical‐Reaction Method for Measuring Air‐Water Interfacial Area in Natural Porous Media

Lyu, Ying; Brusseau, Mark L.; Ouni, A. El; Araujo, J. B.; Su, Xiaosi

doi:10.1002/2017wr021717

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Finally, current MD models that account for electrode structure assume that the sulfur electrode has constant and uniform pore sizes [89,90], which are typically measured by gas adsorption tests [94] or X-ray nano-computed tomography (CT) [95]. However, real sulfur electrodes have a heterogeneous pore size distribution.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on Li/S Battery Design: Modeling and Development Approaches

McCreary

Kim

et al. 2021

Batteries

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Lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cells that offer an ultrahigh theoretical specific energy of 2600 Wh/kg are considered one of the most promising next-generation rechargeable battery systems for the electrification of transportation. However, the commercialization of Li/S cells remains challenging, despite the recent advancements in materials development for sulfur electrodes and electrolytes, due to several critical issues such as the insufficient obtainable specific energy and relatively poor cyclability. This review aims to introduce electrode manufacturing and modeling methodologies and the current issues to be overcome. The obtainable specific energy values of Li/S pouch cells are calculated with respect to various parameters (e.g., sulfur mass loading, sulfur content, sulfur utilization, electrolyte-volume-to-sulfur-weight ratio, and electrode porosity) to demonstrate the design requirements for achieving a high specific energy of >300 Wh/kg. Finally, the prospects for rational modeling and manufacturing strategies are discussed, to establish a new design standard for Li/S batteries.

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Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on Li/S Battery Design: Modeling and Development Approaches

McCreary

Kim

et al. 2021

Batteries

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“…As regards carbonization process, this is achieved by increasing the irrigation density of the absorber with liquid, increasing the speed of gas and crushing bubbles. If the reaction rate is small, then it determines the kinetics of the absorption, which, in this case, depends on the volume of the liquid and the concentration of reagents in it [12].…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining features in the kinetics of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution carbonization and the quality of the resulting sodium bicarbonate crystals

Porokhnia

Tseitlin

Bukhkalo

et al. 2021

EEJET

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This paper reports a study into the influence of temperature and gas consumption on the carbonization kinetics (saturation with carbon dioxide) of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution. The study also examined the quality and speed of crystal formation in this process. This research is predetermined by the environmental problems faced by modern enterprises that produce purified sodium bicarbonate – an insufficient degree of carbonization and, as a result, excessive air pollution with carbon dioxide, which did not participate in the reaction during the process. This study addresses these particular issues. As a result of using specialized laboratory equipment, it was found that an increase in the absorbent temperature from 79 to 85 °C leads to a decrease in the maximum degree of carbonization of the solution from 64 to 59 %. In contrast, the quality of the resulting sodium bicarbonate crystals improves but only in the range from 79 to 82 °C. With a further increase in temperature, the quality stabilizes. It is shown that the carbonization rate increases with increasing specific consumption of the absorbent (carbon dioxide) and is characterized by a negative correlation with the value of oversaturation of the absorbent in terms of NaНCO3. The quality of sodium bicarbonate crystals decreases with increasing gas velocity. Thus, it was reasonable to assume that the established dependence of the kinetics of carbonization of Na2CO3 and NaНCO3 solution on the gas velocity in the apparatus is explained by the inhibition of СО2 absorption, which is caused by the diffusion resistance of sodium bicarbonate crystallization. To improve the quality of crystals and the productivity of carbonization by reducing the supersaturation in terms of NaНCO3, it is recommended to introduce a seed crystal in the zone of binding of crystals in the carbonization columns.

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“…The influence of the packing radial thickness, the rotational speed, and the liquid and gas volume flow rate on the effective interface has been also studied. The effective surface of phase contact is also determined for porous media [8] by using the gas-absorption/chemical-reaction (GACR) method, which is also used to estimate the gas-liquid interfacial space in the reaction system. In [9][10][11][12], synchrotron X-ray microtomography has been used for obtaining solid/liquid phases three-dimensional images with high resolution in structured nozzle columns.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Interfacial Surface in Separation of Two-Phase Multicomponent Systems

et al. 2020

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The area of the contact surface of phases is one of the main hydrodynamic indicators determining the separation and heat and mass transfer equipment calculations. Methods of evaluating this indicator in the separation of multicomponent two-phase systems were considered. It was established that the existing methods for determining the interfacial surface are empirical ones, therefore limited in their applications. Consequently, the use of the corresponding approaches is appropriate for certain technological equipment only. Due to the abovementioned reasons, the universal analytical formula for determining the interfacial surface was developed. The approach is based on both the deterministic and probabilistic mathematical models. The methodology was approved on the example of separation of two-phase systems considering the different fractional distribution of dispersed particles. It was proved that the area of the contact surface with an accuracy to a dimensionless ratio depends on the volume concentration of the dispersed phase and the volume of flow. The separate cases of evaluating the contact area ratio were considered for different laws of the fractional distribution of dispersed particles. As a result, the dependence on the identification of the abovementioned dimensionless ratio was proposed, as well as its limiting values were determined. Finally, a need for the introduction of the correction factor was substantiated and practically proved on the example of mass-transfer equipment.

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The Gas‐Absorption/Chemical‐Reaction Method for Measuring Air‐Water Interfacial Area in Natural Porous Media

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

A Perspective on Li/S Battery Design: Modeling and Development Approaches

A Perspective on Li/S Battery Design: Modeling and Development Approaches

Defining features in the kinetics of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution carbonization and the quality of the resulting sodium bicarbonate crystals

Identification of the Interfacial Surface in Separation of Two-Phase Multicomponent Systems

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