The genera and species of orchidaceous plants

Lindley, John

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.120492

Cited by 163 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…For instance, Darwin and others interested in the morphological evolution of the orchid flower employed information on the vascularization pattern of the flower organs to infer the relationships of homology with those of flowers of other petaloid monocots (Brown, 1810;Brown, 1831;Darwin, 1862;Lindley, 1840;Nelson, 1967). These analyses aimed at determining the developmental transitions behind the suppression of most stamens and the origin of the labellum.…”

Section: The 'Orchid Code'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These analyses aimed at determining the developmental transitions behind the suppression of most stamens and the origin of the labellum. These researchers hypothesized that the labellum originated from the union of the inner median tepal with two adaxial stamens (Brown, 1831;Lindley, 1840;Darwin, 1862;Nelson, 1967). This hypothesis was eventually rejected by analysis of the pattern of vascularization and microscopical observations of the organ ontogeny, demonstrating the morphological and developmental independence of perianth and stamens (Brown, 1810;Crü ger, 1864;Swamy, 1948;Kurzweil, 1987Kurzweil, , 1998.…”

Section: The 'Orchid Code'mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conserved differential expression of paralogous DEFICIENS‐ and GLOBOSA‐like MADS‐box genes in the flowers of Orchidaceae: refining the ‘orchid code’

2011

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SUMMARYIn flowering plants, class-B floral homeotic genes encode MADS-domain transcription factors, which are key in the specification of petal and stamen identity, and have two ancient clades: DEF-like and GLO-like genes. Many species have one gene of each clade, but orchids have typically four DEF-like genes, representing ancient gene clades 1, 2, 3 and 4. We tested the 'orchid code', a combinatorial genetic model suggesting that differences between the organs of the orchid perianth (outer tepals, inner lateral tepals and labellum) are generated by the combinatorial differential expression of four DEF-like genes. Our experimental test involves highly sensitive and specific measurements, with qRT-PCR of the expression of DEF-and GLO-like genes from the distantly related Vanilla planifolia and Phragmipedium longifolium, as well as from wild-type and peloric Phalaenopsis hybrid flowers. Our findings support the first 'orchid code' hypothesis, in that absence of clade-3 and -4 gene expression distinguishes the outer tepals from the inner tepals. In contrast to the original hypothesis, however, mRNA of both clade-3 and -4 genes accumulates in wild-type inner lateral tepals and the labellum, and in labellum-like inner lateral tepals of peloric flowers, albeit in different quantities. Our data suggest a revised hypothesis where high levels of clade-1 and -2, and low levels of clade-3 and -4, gene expression specify inner lateral tepals, whereas labellum development requires low levels of clade-1 and -2 expression and high levels of clade-3 and -4 expression.

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Section: The 'Orchid Code'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The 'Orchid Code'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved differential expression of paralogous DEFICIENS‐ and GLOBOSA‐like MADS‐box genes in the flowers of Orchidaceae: refining the ‘orchid code’

2011

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“…In Bangladesh, Eulophia obtusa is clearly under serious threat due to habitat loss and reduction in the number of mature individuals. This species was originally described from Uttarakhand in India (Lindley 1833); it has later been collected from the Gangetic plains by W. Bell, Mackinnon, Duthie and Inayat prior to about 1902 (Duthie 1915;Deva & Naithani 1986;Jalal et al 2008). Since then it has, to our knowledge, never been recorded from this region again.…”

Section: Conservation Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eulophia obtusa (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Cymbideae) an addition to the flora of Bangladesh, with notes on its ecology and conservation status

Sourav

Halder²,

Kumar³

et al. 2017

Kew Bull

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Summary. Little published information exists about Eulophia obtusa, a showy and distinctive species previously recorded from North India and Nepal. It is here reported from Bangladesh for the first time. The population occurring in Bangladesh may represent a distinct colour form, with pure white instead of bright yellow sepals and petals as in previous records. A species growing in seasonally waterlogged grassland, its only known site in Bangladesh has already been destroyed for agricultural development. No reliable data on its present day occurrence in India and Nepal could be obtained. However, the most recent of only three collections in the Kew Herbarium dates from 1902, which suggests that it is quite a rare species. It must be assessed as critically endangered (CR) in Bangladesh, according to the IUCN Red Listing criteria.

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“…A new species of Dichaea (Orchidaceae) for northern Brazil The genus Dichaea was described by Lindley (1833) and holds the largest number of species belonging to the subtribe Zygopetalinae (Chase et al 2003;Whitten et al 2005) and comprises nearly 100 species (Pupulin 2007) distributed from Mexico to Bolivia and Argentina as well as the West Indies, presenting its highest diversity in South America (Dodson 2004). Ecuador presents 40 species recorded in the genus (Dodson 2004), Costa Rica hosts 29 species (Pupulin 2007) and Brazil 25 species, with 11 of them being endemic, as well as 18 documented species in the Brazilian Amazon (Barros et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

A new species of Dichaea (Orchidaceae) for northern Brazil

et al. 2014

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Dichaea is the largest genus of the subtribe Zygopetalinae and holds it's the highest species diversity in South America. Therefore, this study aims to describe a new species of Dichaea, which occurs in northern Brazil, Dichaea bragae Valsko, Krahl & Holanda. The new species was collected in the north of Manaus in an area of ombrophilous forest and flowered when cultivated. The epithet honors Dr. Pedro Ivo Soares Braga (in memoriam), orchidologist who conducted several studies in the Brazilian Amazon. This new species show a affinity with Dichaea tenuis C. Schweinf., however it is differentiated both vegetatively and on labellum morphology. KEYWORDS: Taxonomy, Amazonas, epiphyte, dense ombrophilous forest. Uma nova espécie de

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The genera and species of orchidaceous plants

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

Conserved differential expression of paralogous DEFICIENS‐ and GLOBOSA‐like MADS‐box genes in the flowers of Orchidaceae: refining the ‘orchid code’

Conserved differential expression of paralogous DEFICIENS‐ and GLOBOSA‐like MADS‐box genes in the flowers of Orchidaceae: refining the ‘orchid code’

Eulophia obtusa (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Cymbideae) an addition to the flora of Bangladesh, with notes on its ecology and conservation status

A new species of Dichaea (Orchidaceae) for northern Brazil

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