The Genetic and Environmental Effects of Hatching Time, Egg Weight and Holding Time on Hatchability

Crittenden, L. B.; Bohren, B. B.

doi:10.3382/ps.0401736

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Loss of egg viability appears to be a conservative trait in birds (Crittenden & Bohren 1961), so it is unlikely that the microbial resistance of domestic hens' eggs differs greatly from that of wild birds' eggs. An early onset of incubation has the potential to maintain the viability of early-laid eggs by reducing the probability and magnitude of microbial infection and the impacts of ambient temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans–shell infection by pathogenic micro–organisms reduces the shelf life of non–incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation?

Cook

Beissinger

Toranzos

et al. 2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

162

230

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Many birds initiate incubation before clutch completion, which results in asynchronous hatching. The ensuing within-brood size disparity often places later-hatched nestlings at a developmental disadvantage, but the functional significance of the timing of the onset of incubation is poorly understood. Early incubation may serve to maintain the viability of early-laid eggs, which declines over time owing to the putative effects of ambient temperature. An unexplored risk to egg viability is trans-shell infection by micro-organisms. We experimentally investigated the rate and magnitude of microbial trans-shell infection of the egg, and the relative effects of ambient temperature and micro-organisms on hatching success. We show that infection of egg contents is prevalent and occurs within the time required to lay a clutch. The probability of infection depends on the climatic conditions, the exposure period and the phylogenetic composition of the eggshell microbiota. We also demonstrate that microbial infection and ambient temperature act independently to reduce egg viability considerably. Our results suggest that these two factors could affect the onset of avian incubation in a wide range of environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans–shell infection by pathogenic micro–organisms reduces the shelf life of non–incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation?

Cook

Beissinger

Toranzos

et al. 2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

162

230

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“…Além do período de estocagem dos ovos, outros fatores podem influenciar o peso do pintinho ao nascer, como a idade das aves reprodutoras e o tempo de incubação (CRITTENDEN;BOHREN, 1961;SMITH;BOHREN, 1975). Porém outros autores afirmam que o peso do ovo é o fator dominante na determinação do peso ao nascer (SILVERSIDES; SCOTT, 2001;TONA et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Parâmetros da incubação e componentes dos ovos de codornas japonesas para corte (Coturnix japonica) submetidos à estocagem em baixas temperaturas (7,5 ± 1 ºC)

2009

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The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of egg storage at low temperatures (7.5±1 ºC) on incubation parameters and egg compounds of meat type Japanese quail eggs. The egg sampling of meat type Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) was done during 22 consecutive days, totaling 440 eggs. They were individually identified and weighted. They were stored in a domestic refrigerator (7.5±1 ºC and 50% relative humidity). After storage, they were incubated at 37.5ºC with 60%RH and turning every 30 minutes. Hatched chicks were weighted individually. The results showed that the hatchability was satisfactory in all groups. The lowest hatchability was in the eggs stored for 20 days (60%). Egg weight loss during storage reached 3.4% at 20 th day. There was no relation between storage period and egg weight loss during incubation.

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“…Hence an analysis of the effect of particular genes on embryonic viability should strictly consider both maternal and zygotic effects. But the published evidence indicates that the genotype of the dam has a much larger influence than the genotype of the zygote (Crittenden and Bohren, 1961;Abplanalp and Kosin, 1953). Further, since the maternal genotype at the egg white loci is expressed in her eggs, there is also a direct connection between the maternal genes and the embryonic environment.…”

Section: Determination Of Maternal Egg White Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 94%

A search for an association between maternal egg white protein polymorphisms and embryonic mortality in the domestic fowl

Buvanendran

1967

British Poultry Science

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The possible association between the maternal genotype at two egg white loci and viability of their embryos was examined in two closed flocks of White Leghorn hens. One of the populations was polymorphic at the ovalbumin locus and locus II and the other at locus II only. Two generations of the first population comprising 536 hens and 9092 fertile eggs and one generation of the second comprising 83 hens and 1159 eggs were used in the study. Significant effects were observed with mortality at different stages of incubation but the results were not consistent for the two strains or for the 2 years studied.

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The Genetic and Environmental Effects of Hatching Time, Egg Weight and Holding Time on Hatchability

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Trans–shell infection by pathogenic micro–organisms reduces the shelf life of non–incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation?

Trans–shell infection by pathogenic micro–organisms reduces the shelf life of non–incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation?

Parâmetros da incubação e componentes dos ovos de codornas japonesas para corte (Coturnix japonica) submetidos à estocagem em baixas temperaturas (7,5 ± 1 ºC)

A search for an association between maternal egg white protein polymorphisms and embryonic mortality in the domestic fowl

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