The Genetic Architecture of Adaptation Under Migration-Selection Balance

Yeaman, Sam; Whitlock, Michael C.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01269.x

Cited by 577 publications

(820 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…few quantitative trait loci, QTL, of large effect) has been predicted to evolve under a set of conditions that include, among other factors, higher rates of gene flow between diverging populations compared with conditions leading to more diffuse genetic architecture (i.e. many QTL of small effect) [48]. Recent empirical studies demonstrate that even seemingly complex phenotypes can be controlled by concentrated architecture [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic basis of adult migration timing in anadromous steelhead discovered through multivariate association testing

et al. 2016

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Migration traits are presumed to be complex and to involve interaction among multiple genes. We used both univariate analyses and a multivariate random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm to conduct association mapping of 15 239 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for adult migration-timing phenotype in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Our study focused on a model natural population of steelhead that exhibits two distinct migration-timing life histories with high levels of admixture in nature. Neutral divergence was limited between fish exhibiting summer-and winter-run migration owing to high levels of interbreeding, but a univariate mixed linear model found three SNPs from a major effect gene to be significantly associated with migration timing ( p , 0.000005) that explained 46% of trait variation. Alignment to the annotated Salmo salar genome provided evidence that all three SNPs localize within a 46 kb region overlapping GREB1-like (an oestrogen target gene) on chromosome Ssa03. Additionally, multivariate analyses with RF identified that these three SNPs plus 15 additional SNPs explained up to 60% of trait variation. These candidate SNPs may provide the ability to predict adult migration timing of steelhead to facilitate conservation management of this species, and this study demonstrates the benefit of multivariate analyses for association studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic basis of adult migration timing in anadromous steelhead discovered through multivariate association testing

et al. 2016

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“…Alternatively, if the architecture of the genome evolves through intermittent periods of adaptation with gene flow over millions of generations, clusters of locally adaptive loci could evolve through genomic rearrangements and give rise to islands of allelic divergence, even in currently allopatric populations 38,39 . We also found a weak significant correlation between the formation of genomic islands and an excess of co-expressed genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic islands of divergence are not affected by geography of speciation in sunflowers

et al. 2013

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Genomic studies of speciation often report the presence of highly differentiated genomic regions interspersed within a milieu of weakly diverged loci. The formation of these speciation islands is generally attributed to reduced inter-population gene flow near loci under divergent selection, but few studies have critically evaluated this hypothesis. Here, we report on transcriptome scans among four recently diverged pairs of sunflower (Helianthus) species that vary in the geographical context of speciation. We find that genetic divergence is lower in sympatric and parapatric comparisons, consistent with a role for gene flow in eroding neutral differences. However, genomic islands of divergence are numerous and small in all comparisons, and contrary to expectations, island number and size are not significantly affected by levels of interspecific gene flow. Rather, island formation is strongly associated with reduced recombination rates. Overall, our results indicate that the functional architecture of genomes plays a larger role in shaping genomic divergence than does the geography of speciation.

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“…In general, geneflow will prevent differentiation, so continuous migration and hybridization events will counteract speciation processes (Yeaman and Whitlock 2011) and potentially also homogenize formerly differentiated species when they come secondarily into contact and are not reproductively isolated. However, it had been shown that speciation can occur by adaptation and divergent selection also with geneflow (Seehausen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) in Tenerife, the imprint of geological history and hybridization on within‐island diversification

Puppo

Curto

Meimberg

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Geological history of oceanic islands can have a profound effect on the evolutionary history of insular flora, especially in complex islands such as Tenerife in the Canary Islands. Tenerife results from the secondary connection of three paleo‐islands by a central volcano, and other geological events that further shaped it. This geological history has been shown to influence the phylogenetic history of several taxa, including genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae). Screening 15 microsatellite markers in 289 individuals representing the eight species of Micromeria present in Tenerife, this study aims to assess the genetic diversity and structure of these species and its relation with the geological events on the island. In addition, we evaluate the extent of hybridization among species and discuss its influence on the speciation process. We found that the species restricted to the paleo‐islands present lower levels of genetic diversity but the highest levels of genetic differentiation suggesting that their ranges might have contracted over time. The two most widespread species in the island, M. hyssopifolia and M. varia, present the highest genetic diversity levels and a genetic structure that seems correlated with the geological composition of the island. Samples from M. hyssopifolia from the oldest paleo‐island, Adeje, appear as distinct while samples from M. varia segregate into two main clusters corresponding to the paleo‐islands of Anaga and Teno. Evidence of hybridization and intraspecific migration between species was found. We argue that species boundaries would be retained despite hybridization in response to the habitat's specific conditions causing postzygotic isolation and preserving morphological differentiation.

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The Genetic Architecture of Adaptation Under Migration-Selection Balance

Cited by 577 publications

References 58 publications

Genetic basis of adult migration timing in anadromous steelhead discovered through multivariate association testing

Genetic basis of adult migration timing in anadromous steelhead discovered through multivariate association testing

Genomic islands of divergence are not affected by geography of speciation in sunflowers

Genetic structure of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) in Tenerife, the imprint of geological history and hybridization on within‐island diversification

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