The genetic authentication of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius based on using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) conducted in a nucleic acid test chip

Research on the dentification of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium using catalysed hairpin assembly technology

“…13 Oberc et al developed a base on SNP conducted in a nuclear acid test chip distinguishing between P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium successfully, nucleic acid test (NAT) probes are designed by using three SNP sites on different genomes. 14 In this study, the catalysed hairpin assembly (CHA) technology was used to analyse P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium and their products. Finally, a new isothermal, enzyme-free, rapid, efficient, highly sensitive, low-cost, and simple operation method was established for the analysis of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium, which is expected to be widely used for detecting a variety of Chinese medicinal materials.…”

“…In addition, there are some new methods: Song et al found that the specific positions of G153A, T463A, C732G and T181C of trnL‐trnF sequences were effective indicators to identify GinsengRadix et Rhizoma and Panacis Quinquefolii Radix based on the comparison 13 . Oberc et al developed a base on SNP conducted in a nuclear acid test chip distinguishing between P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium successfully, nucleic acid test (NAT) probes are designed by using three SNP sites on different genomes 14 …”

Next-generation DNA sequencing of Panax samples revealed new genotypes: Burrows-Wheeler Aligner, Python-based abundance and clustering analysis

“…There are many genetic methods available that use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), e.g., nucleic acid test (NAT) using probe-PCR product strand hybridization [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ], qPCR [ [9] , [10] , [11] ], and lesion induced DNA amplification (LIDA) [ [12] , [13] , [14] ]. These techniques, which are effective when the DNA samples have known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), require considerable optimization.…”

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) conducted in a microfluidic chip to differentiate between various ginseng species

“…One method is do a hybridization experiment where a DNA probe is hybridized to a PCR product strand containing the SNP site. 12,13 There are multiple approaches (e.g. elevated temperatures, low ionic strength, wash with gold nanoparticles) to determine whether the probe hybridization is perfectly complementary or contains a mismatch.…”

“…Previously, PCR amplification had to be performed on the DS gene in extracts of genomic ginseng DNA which varies between P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius 3,33 to differentiate samples using probe hybridization. 12,13 Here, the genomic ginseng DNA has been used directly as the template and this eliminates the need for PCR and a thermocycler. The LIDA reaction is developed here in order to identify one of the SNP sites present using a microfluidic chip system.…”