The genomics of lactic acid bacteria

Pfeiler, Erika A.; Klaenhammer, Todd R.

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.09.010

Cited by 155 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, lactobacilli gained a reputation as numerically dominant intestinal inhabitants, and even the advent of anaerobic culture techniques did little to correct this situation. Lactobacilli are still listed as numerically dominant organisms of the human gut in current microbiology text books (52,70,76), and even researchers working on functional and applied aspects of intestinal lactobacilli have continued to adhere to this dogma (11,42,57,69,71,97).…”

Section: The Good the Bad And The Uglymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, a stratified, squamous epithelium is not present in the human stomach. Still, the adherence of lactobacilli to epithelia or mucus is often considered to contribute to the persistence of lactobacilli in the human GIT (69,101). It has been shown that some lactobacilli have the ability to bind to intestinal mucus and polymers associated with the surface of enterocytes (64,75), and putative adherence factors of lactobacilli have been identified (101).…”

Section: How Do Autochthonous Lactobacilli Persist In the Gut?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomics of Lactobacillus species is booming, and the genomes of five strains that belong to species commonly found in human fecal samples have recently been sequenced (50). Several comparative and functional genomic investigations have been conducted to gain information about the functionality of lactobacilli in the GIT (69). Unfortunately, a major misconception regarding the ecological role of lactobacilli in the intestinal tract has been embraced by many scientists working in the field.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ecological Role of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implications for Fundamental and Biomedical Research

Walter

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

628

460

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: The Good the Bad And The Uglymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Do Autochthonous Lactobacilli Persist In the Gut?mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecological Role of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implications for Fundamental and Biomedical Research

Walter

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

628

460

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…are the top three phylotypes associated with humans. Aerococcus and Abiotrophia (the top indicator OTUs in mangabeys) are known to be among the lactic acid-producing bacteria (Pfeiler and Klaenhammer, 2007) within the order Lactobacillales.…”

Section: Abundances)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate vaginal microbiomes exhibit species specificity without universal Lactobacillus dominance

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial communities colonizing the reproductive tracts of primates (including humans) impact the health, survival and fitness of the host, and thereby the evolution of the host species. Despite their importance, we currently have a poor understanding of primate microbiomes. The composition and structure of microbial communities vary considerably depending on the host and environmental factors. We conducted comparative analyses of the primate vaginal microbiome using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of a phylogenetically broad range of primates to test for factors affecting the diversity of primate vaginal ecosystems. The nine primate species included: humans (Homo sapiens), yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus), olive baboons (Papio anubis), lemurs (Propithecus diadema), howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), red colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus), vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops), mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Our results indicated that all primates exhibited host-specific vaginal microbiota and that humans were distinct from other primates in both microbiome composition and diversity. In contrast to the gut microbiome, the vaginal microbiome showed limited congruence with host phylogeny, and neither captivity nor diet elicited substantial effects on the vaginal microbiomes of primates. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance and Wilcoxon tests revealed correlations among vaginal microbiota and host species-specific socioecological factors, particularly related to sexuality, including: female promiscuity, baculum length, gestation time, mating group size and neonatal birth weight. The proportion of unclassified taxa observed in nonhuman primate samples increased with phylogenetic distance from humans, indicative of the existence of previously unrecognized microbial taxa. These findings contribute to our understanding of host-microbe variation and coevolution, microbial biogeography, and disease risk, and have important implications for the use of animal models in studies of human sexual and reproductive diseases.

show abstract

“…The vast diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) allows them to occupy different kinds of ecological niches, such as dairy products, meats, the gastrointestinal tract, and the vagina (5). As the dominant bacteria in the vaginal microflora of healthy women, Lactobacillus spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CV56, a Probiotic Strain Isolated from the Vaginas of Healthy Women

Gao

Teng

et al. 2011

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lactic acid bacteria that exist in the urinogenital system play an important role in maintaining the health of the host. Here, we report the finished and annotated genome of a Lactococcus strain that was isolated from the vaginas of healthy women and shows probiotic properties, including nisin A production and adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells.The vast diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) allows them to occupy different kinds of ecological niches, such as dairy products, meats, the gastrointestinal tract, and the vagina (5). As the dominant bacteria in the vaginal microflora of healthy women, Lactobacillus spp. play an important role in maintaining the natural balance of microflora (2). So far, only a few probiotic Lactococcus strains, like L. lactis subsp. lactis HV219, have been found in the vaginal microflora (6). In this study, we identified a Lactococcus strain named L. lactis subsp. lactis CV56 from vaginal secretions of healthy women. This strain not only exhibits strong antimicrobial activity by producing bacteriocin nisin A but also shows a greater ability to adhere to vaginal epithelial cells than other Lactococcus strains, such as L. lactis MG1363. The whole-genome sequencing of L. lactis CV56 will help us identify the genomic diversity, metabolic diversity, and probiotic and adaptation properties of Lactococcus species in different environments.The whole genome was sequenced by using the Roche GS FLX system. A total of 233,256 reads, counting up to 87,594,199 bases, were obtained, providing 36-fold coverage. Assembly was performed by use of Newbler software (454 Sequencing) and produced 77 contigs. The contig order was first determined through a BLASTN search against the reference strain L. lactis IL1403 and then confirmed by PCR. The relationships of contigs that cannot be ordered by reference were determined by multiplex PCR. Gaps were closed by sequencing PCR fragments from the genomic DNA template by using ABI 3730. The Phred/Phrap/Consed software package (2a, 2b) was used for final assembly and edition, and lowquality regions of the genome were resequenced.Putative protein-coding sequences were identified by Glimmer3 (1), and those shorter than 90 bp were eliminated. All predicted proteins were searched against KEGG databases, the NCBI nonredundant protein database (nr), and the Conserved Domain Database (CDD), using BLASTP or RPS-BLAST. The tRNA genes were predicted by tRNA-scan SE1.21 (4), and the rRNA genes were detected using the RNAmmer 1.2 server (3). Functional classification of proteins was conducted using NCBI clusters of orthologous groups (COG).The complete genome of L. lactis CV56 consists of a single, circular chromosome (2,399,458 bp, 35.24% GC content) and five plasmids, namely, pCV56A (44,098 bp, 32.08% GC content), pCV56B (35,934 bp, 34.54% GC content), pCV56C (31,442 bp, 32.49% GC content), pCV56D (5,543 bp, 32.24% GC content), and pCV56E (2,262 bp, 33.82% GC content). The chromosome of L. lactis CV56 contains 2,352 predicted protein-coding genes, 6 rRNA operons, and 62 t...

show abstract

The genomics of lactic acid bacteria

Cited by 155 publications

References 63 publications

Ecological Role of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implications for Fundamental and Biomedical Research

Ecological Role of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implications for Fundamental and Biomedical Research

Primate vaginal microbiomes exhibit species specificity without universal Lactobacillus dominance

Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CV56, a Probiotic Strain Isolated from the Vaginas of Healthy Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About