The genus Aphelandra (Acanthaceae)

Wasshausen, Dieter C.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.131646

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our focal species, A. acanthus Nees (Acanthaceae), is a spiny shrub distributed in Andean cloud forests from Colombia to Peru (Wasshausen 1975). This study was carried out in the Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve (Pichincha Province, Ecuador: 00° 01′ S, 78° 41′ W), where the local population of A. acanthus flowers from November to early March (Muchhala et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition in pollination systems: costs to male fitness via pollen misplacement

Muchhala

Thomson

2012

Functional Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary 1.Although competition for pollination is often invoked as a driver of broad-scale evolutionary and ecological patterns, we still lack a clear understanding of the mechanics of such competition. When flower visitors alternate between two species of flower, heterospecific pollen transfer takes place. The impact of these mixed loads on the female reproductive success of a recipient has received considerable attention, but the concomitant loss of male reproductive success -because of pollens grains being lost to foreign stigmas -has received less. Furthermore, pollen losses are not limited to grains that land on stigmas, but can also include deposition on non-stigmatic surfaces of the intervening flowers, or loss from the animal's body through passive detachment or active grooming. We collectively term these losses because of competition 'pollen misplacement'. 2. Here, we quantify pollen transferred by nectar bats between focal flowers (Aphelandra acanthus) with and without intervening visits to one of two competitor species. One competitor (Centropogon nigricans) places its pollen in the same region of bats' heads as the focal species, while the other (Burmeistera sodiroana) places its pollen farther forward. 3. We found that (i) any intervening visit caused some reduction in the number of pollen grains transferred, (ii) competitor flowers with similar pollen-placement locations caused greater reductions in pollen transfer and (iii) of these competitors, those in male phase (dispensing pollen) caused greater pollen loss than those in female phase (without pollen). 4. This study provides rare empirical support for the detrimental effects of competition for pollination on male fitness via pollen misplacement and is the first to show an added cost imposed by male-phase competitors. Although this competition is especially strong when competitors overlap in pollen placement, diverging in pollen placement will not completely eliminate pollen loss during visits to foreign flowers, simply because pollen sheds or is groomed from pollinator's bodies at some background rate over time. This suggests that any angiosperms that share pollinators face pervasive selection through male fitness to diverge in floral traits, alleviating competition by attracting different pollinators, altering floral phenology or encouraging floral constancy.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition in pollination systems: costs to male fitness via pollen misplacement

Muchhala

Thomson

2012

Functional Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kunth, which has been used for almost two hundred years and is the name adopted in a revision of Aphelandra R. Br. (Wasshausen, 1975). The species has an extensive distribution from Costa Rica to Andean Peru, and the islands of Trinidad and Tobago, and it is included in numerous checklists and floras.…”

Section: American Species and Genera Published In Loefling's Iter Hismentioning

confidence: 99%

Names of American vascular plants published in Loefling's Iter Hispanicum (1758) and its German translation (1766)

Dorr

Wiersema

2010

TAXON

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Loefling's Iter Hispanicum (1758) and its subsequent translations, editions, issues, and facsimiles are analyzed for their impact on the nomenclature of American vascular plants. The book, edited by Linnaeus and posthumously published, contains descriptions of plants found in Venezuela (as well as in the Iberian Peninsula). For American plants the original volume (1758) is the source of 31 new genera, 15 new species, and one replaced name, and a German translation (1766) is the source of an additional two new species. Many of these nomenclatural innovations have been ignored, overlooked, or intentionally suppressed, some for centuries. Other names in the Iter Hispanicum have been misinterpreted. We examine the reasons for considering these 49 names to be validly published and the nomenclatural ramifications. In the interests of nomenclatural stability we are forced to conclude that the names of at least ten taxa described by Loefling should be rejected: Ayenia sidiformis Loefl., Cofer Loefl., Cruzeta Loefl., Cruzeta hispanica Loefl., Edechia inermis Loefl., E. spinosa L., Justicia putata Loefl., Menais Loefl., Muco Loefl., and Samyda parviflora Loefl. Likewise the names of two species described by Linnaeus that are tied to the Iter Hispanicum should be rejected: Menais topiaria L. and Spermacoce suffruticosa L. Finally, we select neotypes for Gaura fruticosa Loefl., Salvinia michelii Loefl., and Waltheria melochioides Loefl.

show abstract

“…175 species of perennial herbs, shrubs, and small trees restricted to the Neotropics ( Wasshausen, 1975 ; Daniel, 1991 ). Species in this genus have colored flowering spikes ( Wasshausen, 1975 ), and the genus is well known to horticulturists because some species are cultivated for ornamental purposes ( Daniel, 1991 ). However, until now, no studies of molecular genetic diversity in this genus have been carried out.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation at microsatellite loci in the tropical herb Aphelandra aurantiaca (Acanthaceae)

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Premise of the study:To assess the effect of forest fragmentation on genetic variation and population structure of Aphelandra aurantiaca (Acanthaceae), a tropical and ornamental herbaceous perennial plant, we developed the first microsatellite primers for the species.Methods and Results:Fourteen microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from A. aurantiaca genomic libraries enriched for di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeat motifs. Polymorphism was evaluated in 107 individuals from four natural populations. Twelve out of 14 genetic markers were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 12, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.22 to 0.96 and from 0.20 to 0.87, respectively. Fixation indices ranged from −0.41 to 0.44.Conclusions:These newly developed microsatellite markers for A. aurantiaca will be useful for future population genetic studies, specifically to detect the possible loss of genetic diversity due to habitat fragmentation.

show abstract

The genus Aphelandra (Acanthaceae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Interspecific competition in pollination systems: costs to male fitness via pollen misplacement

Interspecific competition in pollination systems: costs to male fitness via pollen misplacement

Names of American vascular plants published in Loefling's Iter Hispanicum (1758) and its German translation (1766)

Genetic variation at microsatellite loci in the tropical herb Aphelandra aurantiaca (Acanthaceae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About