The Genus Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore

Abstract

Nine species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) are recognized in Peninsular Malaysia. Three (C. cupulata, C. pendula and C. wallichii) are common and occur more or less throughout the area; C. pendula is also recorded from Singapore. Four (C. dispar, C. gimlettei, C. patula and C. suffruticosa) have more restricted distributions, and two (C. lanceolata and C. stonei) are local endemics. Three species and one variety originally described by Ridley are here reduced to synonymy: C. barbata (=C. cupulata), C. falcata (=C. suffruticosa) and C. rotundifolia (=C. pendula), and C. cupulata var. minor (=C. cupulata). Keys for fieldwork and herbarium use are presented and general information is provided. The appendix by M.H. Bokhari contains descriptions of leaf anatomy for eight of the nine species recognized and a key based on anatomical characters.

Annotated Checklist of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) of Sumatra, Indonesia

“…Further discussion on type designation is given below: in general, where a lectotype was selected, it was checked against the protologue to ensure it matched the author's description of the species; decision making related to particular authors is set out in detail. Information on taxonomic status was taken from floras and other publications (Jack, 1823;Blume, 1826;De Candolle, 1845;Miquel, 1858;Clarke, 1883;Bakhuizen van den Brink, 1950;Bramley et al, 2004;Atkins & Kartonegoro, 2021;GRC, 2022;POWO, 2022;Olivar et al, 2022) and no additional taxonomic decision-making was undertaken at this time, although where there is some uncertainty about status this has been indicated in the discussion following the name entry. The checklist entry for each name follows the standard abbreviations for authors (IPNI, 2022) and journals and books (TL2, 2022).…”

A Taxonomic Revision of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Cyrtandra flowers are protandrous; once the anthers have dehisced and the flower moves into the female phase, the stamens recoil back into the corolla tube, pulling the anthers apart, and the gynoecium extends (visible in Figure 32g,h). Following Bramley et al (2003), the descriptions and measurements presented here relate to the mature male and female organs and have been taken from a range of flowers whenever possible.…”

Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group

“…nov. recoil into the corolla tube after anther dehiscence. This is hypothesized as constituting a mechanism against self-pollination (Bramley et al 2003). The length of the style also varies developmentally, the style can be either exserted or inserted depending on the stage of maturity of the flower.…”

“…In recent years, several studies (Wagner et al 2001;Bramley et al 2003;Atkins 2004;Bramley 2005;Lorence & Perlman 2007;Bone & Atkins 2013;Johnson 2017;Kartonegoro et al 2018;Atkins et al 2019;Nishii et al 2019) have led to an increase in numbers of species of Cyrtandra. These studies emphasized the urgency to document and understand the biodiversity of cyrtandras before they succumb to anthropogenic pressures.…”