The geochemistry of coprostanol in waters and surface sediments from Narragansett Bay

LeBlanc, Lawrence A.; Latimer, James S.; Ellis, J. T.; Quinn, James G.

doi:10.1016/s0272-7714(05)80116-7

Cited by 65 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…An external standard (4 µg 5α-cholestane in 100 µl heptane) was therefore added. Based on preliminary experimentation, extraction efficiency (reported to be essentially 100% by Mudge and Norris, 1997) was found to average >90%; a result which compares favourably with reported extraction efficiencies using this protocol (62%-96%: LeBlanc et al, 1992). Sterols were derivatised using 100 ml of 1:10 TMCS/BSFTA at 60 • C for 1 h. Identification of unknowns was achieved by comparison of relative retention times with authentic standards on GC-MS (GC as GC-FID; transfer 295 • C; Hewlett-Packard 5790B MSD; control/data handling by Hewlett-Packard ChemStation; SIM scanning through 50-520 atomic mass units (amu), 1 scan per second).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduressupporting

confidence: 74%

Faecal sterols as indicators of sewage contamination in estuarine sediments of the Tay Estuary, Scotland: an extended baseline survey

Reeves

Patton

2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Sterol ratios are used to identify sources, occurrence and partitioning of faecal matter in sediments of the Tay Estuary, Scotland. The 5β/(5α+5β) ratio is used to discriminate between sewage and biogenic sterol sources by comparing the concentrations of coprostanols to cholesterol plus coprostanols. This index shows unambiguous sewage pollution in the Invergowrie Bay area (values >0.7). The coprostanol/epicoprostanol index is used to differentiate between human and non-human faecal inputs. Ratios confirmed the primary source as human-derived faecal material. The coprostanol/cholesterol ratio was calculated in order to elucidate the contribution of different biogenic sources to the sedimentary sterol budget. Ratios of >1 clearly indicate faecal sterol sources. Invergowrie Bay displayed no sterol signature other than sewage. A biogenic source of cholesterol influenced total sterol concentrations upstream of the City of Dundee. Attention is directed to the potential role of density fronts in compartmentalization of faecal material in bottom sediments.

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Section: Analytical Proceduressupporting

confidence: 74%

Faecal sterols as indicators of sewage contamination in estuarine sediments of the Tay Estuary, Scotland: an extended baseline survey

Reeves

Patton

2005

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Coprostanol is a fecal stanol that is formed during catabolism of cholesterol by indigenous bacteria present in the gut of humans and higher animals and is the primary stanol detected in domestic wastewater (50). For this reason, it has been proposed as a chemical indicator of human fecal pollution (13,20,44,45,47,81). Leeming et al (47) characterized fecal samples from numerous animals and found that coprostanol constituted ϳ60% of the total stanols in human feces.…”

Section: Genotypic Methods Used In Microbial Source Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Source Tracking: Current Methodology and Future Directions

Scott

Rose

Jenkins

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

602

463

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“…Considering measurements in terms of mg g -1 , the variations in recovery percentages are very wide, ranging from 50 to 120%. Examples of such variations were found by LeBlanc et al 8 who obtained coprostanol recoveries varying between 62-96% processing standard mixture and spiked samples with methanol extractions. Eganhouse et al…”

Section: Recovery Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In test 1, the extraction was carried out with 80 mL of methanol (MERCK) reflux for 5 h (adapted from LeBlanc et al 8 ).…”

Section: Extraction Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Ethanol-Based Analytical Protocol to Quantify Faecal Steroids in Marine Sediments

Kawakami¹,

Montone²

2002

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A maioria dos métodos para análise de esteróides em sedimentos marinhos é laboriosa, consome grandes volumes de solventes orgânicos (muitas vezes clorados) e produz grandes quantidades de material de descarte. Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se um método de extração com etanol e um "clean up" rápido, que oferece uma alternativa de menor custo e minimiza o uso de solventes clorados. As porcentagens de recuperação de esteróides (coprostanol, epicoprostanol, cholesterol, cholestanol, 5a-coprostanona and 5b-coprostanona) ficaram na faixa de 70 a 93%, comparáveis às análises mais tradicionais. A eficiência do método foi avaliada através de material de referência e os resultados obtidos para coprostanol, colesterol e colestanol encontram-se próximos aos valores médios certificados e perfeitamente dentro dos valores aceitáveis. Os desvios-padrão relativos para triplicatas foram baixos (6-12%). Os testes indicaram que o "clean-up" simplificado (sem fracionamento) não produz interferência na quantificação dos esteróides fecais.The majority of the analytical methods for steroids in marine sediments are laborious and time consuming and involve the use of large volumes of organic (frequently chlorinated) solvents. A method has been developed utilising ethanol extraction with a rapid alumina-ethanol elution clean up, providing an environmentally friendly and inexpensive alternative. Recoveries of steroids (coprostanol, epicoprostanol, cholesterol, cholestanol, 5a-coprostanone and 5b-coprostanone) ranged from 70 to 93% and compared favourably with more traditional analyses. Analytical performance was tested through analysis of reference material and concentrations recorded for coprostanol, cholesterol and cholestanol were close to the mean certified values and were within acceptable values. Relative standard deviations from triplicate analyses were small (6-12%). These initial tests also indicate that the simplified clean up (without fractionation) is not subject to interference in the quantification of the selected faecal steroids.

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The geochemistry of coprostanol in waters and surface sediments from Narragansett Bay

Cited by 65 publications

References 37 publications

Faecal sterols as indicators of sewage contamination in estuarine sediments of the Tay Estuary, Scotland: an extended baseline survey

Faecal sterols as indicators of sewage contamination in estuarine sediments of the Tay Estuary, Scotland: an extended baseline survey

Microbial Source Tracking: Current Methodology and Future Directions

An Efficient Ethanol-Based Analytical Protocol to Quantify Faecal Steroids in Marine Sediments

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