The geochemistry of recent Nyamulagira and Nyiragongo potassic lavas, Virunga Volcanic Province, and implications on the enrichment processes in the mantle lithosphere of the Tanzania-Congo craton

Minissale, Silvia; Casalini, Martina; Cucciniello, Ciro; Balagizi, Charles M.; Tedesco, Dario; Boudoire, Guillaume; Morra, Vincenzo Brescia; Melluso, Leone

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2022.106696

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Our calculated equilibrium melts span a large range of F concentrations, with the lowest ones overlapping data from the Laki lava field (Iceland), the most recent historical analog example of flood basalt eruption (300-to 700-ppm F) (49,60), and those from mid-ocean ridge basalts (61). The most enriched of our calculated F concentrations overlap with those from the early and late emplacement phases of the Siberian Traps, known to be particularly halogen-rich, also compared to other LIPs (20), with oceanic island basalts (61), and with volatile-rich alkaline rocks from the Virunga volcanic province (62).…”

Section: Fluorine Concentrations Calculated For Equilibrium Meltsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Recurring volcanic winters during the latest Cretaceous: Sulfur and fluorine budgets of Deccan Traps lavas

Callegaro,

Baker,

Renne

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Two events share the stage as main drivers of the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction—Deccan Traps volcanism, and an asteroid impact recorded by the Chicxulub crater. We contribute to refining knowledge of the volcanic stressor by providing sulfur and fluorine budgets of Deccan lavas from the Western Ghats (India), which straddle the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Volcanic fluorine budgets were variable (400 to 3000 parts per million) and probably sufficient to affect the environment, albeit only regionally. The highest sulfur budgets (up to 1800 parts per million) are recorded in Deccan lavas emplaced just prior (within 0.1 million years) to the extinction interval, whereas later basalts are generally sulfur-poor (up to 750 parts per million). Independent evidence suggests the Deccan flood basalts erupted in high-flux pulses. Our data suggest that volcanic sulfur degassing from such activity could have caused repeated short-lived global drops in temperature, stressing the ecosystems long before the bolide impact delivered its final blow at the end of the Cretaceous.

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Section: Fluorine Concentrations Calculated For Equilibrium Meltsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Recurring volcanic winters during the latest Cretaceous: Sulfur and fluorine budgets of Deccan Traps lavas

Callegaro,

Baker,

Renne

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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“…The experimentally derived partition coefficients were used to model the behaviour of trace elements during fractionation processes at Nyiragongo volcano. Specifically, using our newly established partition coefficients, we determined the degree of fractional crystallization necessary to reach the composition of the most recent eruptions (Minissale et al, 2022) of Nyiragongo. Nyiragongo's eruption products are dominated by olivine, clinopyroxene, melilite, nepheline, leucite, oxides, and apatite.…”

Section: Geological Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously Platz et al ( 2004) used an olivine melilite composition retrieved from the Rutoke parasitic cone from Denaeyer (1972). However, no trace element data is available for this sample, and we have therefore selected the compositionally similar sample LV1 of Minissale et al (2022) shown in bold). These elements were therefore linearly adjusted to lie directly between their neighbours in terms of MgO (86 ppm Rb, 1457 ppm Ba).…”

Section: Geological Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These elements were therefore linearly adjusted to lie directly between their neighbours in terms of MgO (86 ppm Rb, 1457 ppm Ba). A two-step fractionation model was applied, to account for the contrasting mineral assemblages between samples of the parasitic cones and those of the main crater complex (e.g., Demant et al, 1994;Platz et al, 2004;Minissale et al, 2022). The partition coefficients listed in section 5.3 were used, selecting values for 'primitive' compositions (Table 3) for the first fractionation step where possible (only olivine), and the 'evolved' values for the second step.…”

Section: Geological Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only the assemblage with the smallest mismatch was kept and is reported below. The 2016 glasses were chosen over the newly reported 2021 lavas (Minissale et al, 2022) in order to filter out potential influence of crystal accumulation on compositional data. Indeed, significant differences in trace element compositions reported by various authors for identical eruptive events were found (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace element partitioning in silica-undersaturated alkaline magmatic systems

Molendijk

Namur

Mason

et al. 2023

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Alkaline rocks of the Bobaomby volcanic field point to a petrogenetic link between Comoros and northern Madagascar lithosphere

Cucciniello

Grifa

de’Gennaro

et al. 2022

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Bobaomby volcanic field (10–11 Ma) is the northernmost volcanic area of Madagascar, and is a monogenetic volcanic field comprising outcrops of lava flows, dykes, scoria cones, tuff rings and plugs, widely scattered over an area of roughly 500 km2. The volcanic rocks range in composition from nephelinite, basanite and tephrite, through tephritic phonolite, to F- and Cl-rich peralkaline phonolite (MgO from 13 to 0.01 wt%), and the serial affinity varies from sodic to potassic. A few mica-amphibole-rich lamprophyric dykes have tephritic composition and ultrapotassic affinity. The mafic lavas host intrusive xenoliths with evident cumulate features (wehrlites, composite olivine gabbros s.l., amphibole clinopyroxenites and “kaersutitites”), as well as various types of mantle-derived xenoliths and xenocrysts in the most primitive rocks. The very wide compositional variations of the observed phases (olivine, clinopyroxene, amphibole, oxides, feldspars, feldspathoids, apatite, titanite, aenigmatite and other accessories) in lavas, dykes and cognate xenoliths are fully consistent with the variable degree of differentiation of the host lavas/dykes, and pointing out to limited open-system or polybaric crystallization. The mafic lavas have marked enrichment in incompatible elements and light rare-earth element (LREE) (e.g., Lan/Ybn = 19–27), whereas concave REE patterns are found in the peralkaline phonolites, as a result of removal of accessory titanite starting from tephritic phonolite magmas. The gabbroic/ultramafic xenoliths are interpreted as crustal cumulates of basanitic and tephritic magmas. Several liquid lines of descent in the basanites and tephrites are evident from the trace-element distribution, and from the differing geochemistry of the evolved rocks. The isotopic compositions reach extreme values (e.g., 206Pb/204Pb = 20.065 in the ultrapotassic lamprophyre) when compared to the rest of the Cenozoic/Recent Madagascan volcanic rocks, but similar to those of the Comoros archipelago, suggesting analogies of mantle sources and enrichment processes in the lithosphere of this volcanic archipelago. The origin of the Bobaomby mafic rocks is compatible from a derivation from low degree partial melting of an incompatible element-enriched peridotite source (possibly located in the lowermost lithospheric mantle) rich in volatile-rich phases (pargasite, locally also phlogopite and possibly carbonates), matching the sources of other Cenozoic volcanic areas throughout Madagascar, and perhaps Comoros.

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The geochemistry of recent Nyamulagira and Nyiragongo potassic lavas, Virunga Volcanic Province, and implications on the enrichment processes in the mantle lithosphere of the Tanzania-Congo craton

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Recurring volcanic winters during the latest Cretaceous: Sulfur and fluorine budgets of Deccan Traps lavas

Recurring volcanic winters during the latest Cretaceous: Sulfur and fluorine budgets of Deccan Traps lavas

Trace element partitioning in silica-undersaturated alkaline magmatic systems

Alkaline rocks of the Bobaomby volcanic field point to a petrogenetic link between Comoros and northern Madagascar lithosphere

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