The global burden of chronic and hidden hunger: Trends and determinants

Gödecke, Theda; Stein, Alexander J.; Qaim, Matin

doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2018.03.004

Cited by 223 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The burden of chronic hunger more than halved since 1990, it remains larger than the burden of hidden hunger. Cost-effective micronutrient interventions that can have an impact in the short to medium term include biofortification, industrial fortification, and food supplementation [32]. Micronutrient malnutrition ("hidden hunger") now afflicts over 40% of the world's population and is increasing especially in many developing nations.…”

Section: Hidden Hunger Causes and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Biofortification in Wheat

Umar

Nawaz

Sher

et al. 2019

AJRCS

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Wheat is the main cereal crop worldwide and about 2 billion people suffer from Zn and Fe deficiency because of their dependence just on cereal crops. Three Billion people are malnourished suffering from mild to severe physical and mental disabilities. Vast genetic diversity of Wheat exists in nature that differs in their mineral compositions. Main deficient micronutrients are Provitamin-A, Zn & Fe which deficiencies cause serious physical and mental abnormalities. Different methods of enhancing mineral contents of plants products have been used, out of which biofortification has proved more promising and economical. Bacterial phytoene synthase gene (crtb) and carotene desaturase gene (crti) has been transferred in wheat that has increased carotenoid content but darker colour has less public acceptance.GPC-B1 gene is found to be associated with increase micronutrients but it lowers the overall yield of the plant. Several new methodologies such as oligo-directed mutagenesis, reverse breeding, RNA directed DNA methylation and genome editing have been used for increasing micronutrient composition and their bioavailability. But the combination of Plant Breeding methods with Molecular Techniques will be more useful for advancement in this field.

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Section: Hidden Hunger Causes and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Biofortification in Wheat

Umar

Nawaz

Sher

et al. 2019

AJRCS

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“…4 Dampak secara tidak langsung dari kondisi tidak tahan pangan adalah munculnya masalah kekurangan gizi. 5 Salah satu kelompok usia yang rentan mengalami kekurangan gizi akibat kondisi rawan pangan adalah anak-anak balita atau bawah lima tahun. 6 Data dunia menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 151 juta anak mengalami stunting dan 50 juta anak mengalami wasting pada tahun 2017.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…14 Secara umum, dimensi akses pangan dalam sistem ketahanan pangan rumah tangga terbagi menjadi tiga aspek yaitu akses fisik, akses ekonomi, dan akses sosial yang tercermin dari beberapa indikator. 25 Pemilihan indikator dalam penyusunan indeks dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa kriteria sebagai berikut: (1) mudah dipahami oleh masyarakat (understandable); (2) dapat diukur dan diperoleh secara mudah (measurable); (3) relevan atau keterkaitan dengan konsep ketahanan pangan rumah tangga (relevance); (4) mampu mengukur apa yang diinginkan (validity); (5) indikator reliabel dan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur suatu fenomena (reliability). 26 Berdasarkan faktor pertimbangan tersebut, sebanyak enam Indikator potensial yang terpilih dari seluruh indikator yang ada dalam penyusunan indeks.…”

Section: Metodeunclassified

Pengembangan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga dan Kaitannya dengan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi dan Status Gizi Anak Balita

Sutyawan¹,

Khomsan²,

Sukandar³

2019

AMNT

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Background: Household food insecurity is a underlaying causes on undernutrition problems in children under five years. Household food security especially from food acces dimention is reflected from many indicators that are complex and easier to understand in a composite index. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a index of household food security and its relationship to nutrient intake level and nutritional status in children under five years. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four villages in West Bangka Regency in December 2018 until April 2019. The study involved 219 subjects consisting of mothers and children aged 12-59 months. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman relationship test. Results: The validation results showed that the index score has a negatively correlation (p<0.01) with the proportion of food expenditure and it has a significant correlation with dietary diversity (HDDS Score). In addition, the index score was a significant correlation (p<0.01) with the level of adequacy of energy, protein, fat, calcium, iron, zinc and dietary diversity in children. The index score was a significant associated (p<0.01) with the nutritional status of children based on height for age, weight gor age, and height for wight. Conclusions: The index was developed from this study can be an alternative to evaluate the status of household food security level and stronger marker of food consumption and nutritional status of under five children.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kondisi rawan pangan pada rumah tangga merupakan salah satu penyebab masalah kekurangan gizi pada anak berusia di bawah lima tahun. Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tercermin dari banyak indikator yang kompleks dan lebih mudah dipahami dalam indeks komposit.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan indeks ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta hubungannya dengan tingkat asupan gizi dan status gizi pada anak balita.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan di empat desa di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini melibatkan 219 subjek yang terdiri dari anak berusia 12-59 bulan dan ibu dari anak. Data dianalis menggunakan uji beda Kruskal Wallis dan uji hubungan Rank Spearman.Hasil: Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa skor indeks memiliki perbedaan yang nyata (p<0,05) berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan pangan wilayah dan terdapat hubungan negatif yang kuat (p<0,05) dengan proporsi pengeluaran pangan. Selain itu, skor indeks memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat (p<0,05) dengan tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, kalsium, besi, seng serta keragaman diet pada balita. Skor indeks juga memiliki hubungan yang nyata (p<0,05) dengan nilai z-score status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks antropometri tinggi badan menurut usia, berat badan menurut umur, dan tinggi badan menurut berat badan.Kesimpulan: Indeks yang dikembangkan dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menilai status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta prediktor yang kuat dalam melihat gambaran konsumsi pangan dan status gizi balita.

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“…Nutrient-poor soils and micronutrient deficiency (also known as "hidden hunger") are two interrelated challenges, affecting rural resource-poor farming communities in sub-Saharan Africa [1,2]. Hidden hunger is defined as a scenario where intake and absorption of minerals (in particular, essential micronutrients such as zinc and iron) are below amounts needed to maintain good health and development [3]. Poor soil fertility can be addressed through exogenous sources of fertilisation such as the application of organic/inorganic fertilisers and sometimes the use of leguminous crops through their symbiotic N 2 fixation, which provide bio-fertilisers in cropping systems [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fixation and Nutritional Yield of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercrop

et al. 2020

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Nutrient-poor soils coupled with micronutrient deficiency among many rural resource-poor communities remain a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Nutrient-poor soils can be managed through various soil amendment or fertilisation strategies. Micronutrients can be supplied through plants.The study was aimed at determining the symbiotic nitrogen fixation of cowpea as well as the contribution of inter-cropping under varying levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilisation. In addition, the amount of micronutrients supplied by cowpea and amaranth were determined. The experiment was laid out in a 2 × 4 factorial treatment structure in a completely randomised design, with inter-cropping (cowpea and amaranth) and fertiliser (control, 25%, 50%, and 100% of the recommended NPK levels) as treatment factors with four replications. Symbiotic N 2 fixation of cowpea decreased from 341-448 kgN.ha −1 to 77-91 kgN.ha −1 for the first year and 557-227 kgN.ha −1 to 92−164 kgN.ha −1 for the second year with fertilisation. The iron and zinc nutritional yield increased (61-210 g.ha −1 for first year and 304-867 g.ha −1 , for second year), proportional to fertiliser application to both crops. The research shows the benefits of leguminous crops in soil nutrient fertility and inorganic fertilisation with inter-cropping in managing micronutrient deficiency to meet the nutritional needs of rural communities.

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The global burden of chronic and hidden hunger: Trends and determinants

Cited by 223 publications

References 30 publications

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Biofortification in Wheat

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Biofortification in Wheat

Pengembangan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga dan Kaitannya dengan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi dan Status Gizi Anak Balita

Nitrogen Fixation and Nutritional Yield of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercrop

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