The global emergence of Chikungunya infection: An integrated view

Manzoor, Khanzadi Nazneen; Javed, Faizan; Ejaz, Muhammad; Ali, Mubashar; Mujaddadi, Neelam; Khan, Abid Ali; Khattak, Aamer Ali; Zaib, Assad; Ahmad, Ibrar; Saeed, Waqar Khalid; Manzoor, Sobia

doi:10.1002/rmv.2287

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(256 reference statements)

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“…Chronic CHIKV disease (primarily arthropathy) is well described in humans ( 88 , 89 ); however, RNA-Seq data is not available and establishing cohorts of chronic CHIKV patients free of other underlying (often autoimmune) rheumatic conditions is often difficult ( 1 , 90 ). RNA-Seq data for 30 dpi is available for the C57BL/6J mouse model, but this might be viewed as post-acute rather than chronic ( 91 ), and largely only portrays a diminution of acute responses ( 15 ). We were also unable to address severe manifestations of CHIKV, which can include lethality, usually in very young and elderly patients ( 1 , 92 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya patient transcriptional signatures faithfully recapitulated in a C57BL/6J mouse model

et al. 2022

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IntroductionAn adult wild-type C57BL/6J mouse model of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection and disease has been extensively used to study the alphaviral arthritic immunopathology and to evaluate new interventions. How well mouse models recapitulate the gene expression profiles seen in humans remains controversial.MethodsHerein we perform a comparative transcriptomics analysis using RNA-Seq datasets from the C57BL/6J CHIKV mouse model with datasets obtained from adults and children acutely infected with CHIKV.ResultsDespite sampling quite different tissues, peripheral blood from humans and feet from mice, gene expression profiles were quite similar, with an overlap of up to ≈50% for up-regulated single copy orthologue differentially expressed genes. Furthermore, high levels of significant concordance between mouse and human were seen for immune pathways and signatures, which were dominated by interferons, T cells and monocyte/macrophages. Importantly, predicted responses to a series of anti-inflammatory drug and biologic treatments also showed cogent similarities between species.DiscussionComparative transcriptomics and subsequent pathway analysis provides a detailed picture of how a given model recapitulates human gene expression. Using this method, we show that the C57BL/6J CHIKV mouse model provides a reliable and representative system in which to study CHIKV immunopathology and evaluate new treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya patient transcriptional signatures faithfully recapitulated in a C57BL/6J mouse model

et al. 2022

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“…Serology testing is a simpler testing than qRT-PCR and can be conducted to detect anti-CHIKV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). These antibodies can be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence assays (IFA), and plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) [ 172 ]. The IgM ELISA is the most commonly used method to establish the diagnosis of CHIKV infection [ 173 ].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Chikv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Biology and Immune Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection for Diagnostic and Vaccine Development

Hakim¹,

Aman²

2022

Viruses

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Chikungunya virus, the causative agent of chikungunya fever, is generally characterized by the sudden onset of symptoms, including fever, rash, myalgia, and headache. In some patients, acute chikungunya virus infection progresses to severe and chronic arthralgia that persists for years. Chikungunya infection is more commonly identified in tropical and subtropical regions. However, recent expansions and epidemics in the temperate regions have raised concerns about the future public health impact of chikungunya diseases. Several underlying factors have likely contributed to the recent re-emergence of chikungunya infection, including urbanization, human travel, viral adaptation to mosquito vectors, lack of effective control measures, and the spread of mosquito vectors to new regions. However, the true burden of chikungunya disease is most likely to be underestimated, particularly in developing countries, due to the lack of standard diagnostic assays and clinical manifestations overlapping with those of other endemic viral infections in the regions. Additionally, there have been no chikungunya vaccines available to prevent the infection. Thus, it is important to update our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of chikungunya infection, its clinical manifestations, the diagnosis, and the development of chikungunya vaccines.

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“…Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted disease considered a priority pathogen of major concern by governments and healthcare organisations around the globe due its potential to cause incapacitating disease [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Furthermore, CHIKV has been reported to emerge, disperse, and result in extensive outbreaks since the 1950s, and yet no licensed vaccine is available [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. More than 50 years have passed since the first vaccine candidates against this virus were reported to be in development [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya Virus: Priority Pathogen or Passing Trend?

2023

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is considered a priority pathogen and a major threat to global health. While CHIKV infections may be asymptomatic, symptomatic patients can develop chikungunya fever (CHIKF) characterized by severe arthralgia which often transitions into incapacitating arthritis that could last for years and lead to significant loss in health-related quality of life. Yet, Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) remains a neglected tropical disease due to its complex epidemiology and the misrepresentation of its incidence and disease burden worldwide. Transmitted to humans by infected Aedes mosquitoes, CHIKV has dramatically expanded its geographic distribution to over 100 countries, causing large-scale outbreaks around the world and putting more than half of the population of the world at risk of infection. More than 50 years have passed since the first CHIKV vaccine was reported to be in development. Despite this, there is no licensed vaccine or antiviral treatments against CHIKV to date. In this review, we highlight the clinical relevance of developing chikungunya vaccines by discussing the poor understanding of long-term disease burden in CHIKV endemic countries, the complexity of CHIKV epidemiological surveillance, and emphasising the impact of the global emergence of CHIKV infections. Additionally, our review focuses on the recent progress of chikungunya vaccines in development, providing insight into the most advanced vaccine candidates in the pipeline and the potential implications of their roll-out.

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The global emergence of Chikungunya infection: An integrated view

Cited by 23 publications

References 150 publications

Chikungunya patient transcriptional signatures faithfully recapitulated in a C57BL/6J mouse model

Chikungunya patient transcriptional signatures faithfully recapitulated in a C57BL/6J mouse model

Understanding the Biology and Immune Pathogenesis of Chikungunya Virus Infection for Diagnostic and Vaccine Development

Chikungunya Virus: Priority Pathogen or Passing Trend?

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