The Golden 1,000 Days

Bellieni, Carlo V.

doi:10.4172/2329-9126.1000250

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The time during pregnancy, birth, and the first months of life is crucial for the child's health and disease. What happens in the woman's body during the nine months of gestation has long-and short-term effects on physical [1] and psychological [2] health of the child. During pregnancy, the mother and child are exposed to the same nutrients intake and to some extent the same environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Transfer of Metabolites Detectable from Newborn’s Dried Blood Spot Samples Using UPLC-MS: A Chemometric Study

et al. 2022

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The pregnancy period and first days of a newborn’s life is an important time window to ensure a healthy development of the baby. This is also the time when the mother and her baby are exposed to the same environmental conditions and intake of nutrients, which can be determined by assessing the blood metabolome. For this purpose, dried blood spots (DBS) of newborns are a valuable sampling technique to characterize what happens during this important mother-child time window. We used metabolomics profiles from DBS of newborns (age 2–3 days) and maternal plasma samples at gestation week 24 and postpartum week 1 from n=664 mother-child pairs of the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010) cohort, to study the vertical mother-child transfer of metabolites. Further, we investigated how persistent the metabolites are from the newborn and up to 6 months, 18 months, and 6 years of age. Two hundred seventy two metabolites from UPLC-MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis of DBS and maternal plasma were analyzed using correlation analysis. A total of 11 metabolites exhibited evidence of transfer (R>0.3), including tryptophan betaine, ergothioneine, cotinine, theobromine, paraxanthine, and N6-methyllysine. Of these, 7 were also found to show persistence in their levels in the child from birth to age 6 years. In conclusion, this study documents vertical transfer of environmental and food-derived metabolites from mother to child and tracking of those metabolites through childhood, which may be of importance for the child’s later health and disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Transfer of Metabolites Detectable from Newborn’s Dried Blood Spot Samples Using UPLC-MS: A Chemometric Study

et al. 2022

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“…It has been identified good nutrition and healthy growth during this period have lasting benefit throughout life by helping avert child mortality and lifelong disease burden, maximizing growth, enabling children to reach their cognitive and developmental potential, particularly when combined with psychosocial stimulation [8,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, it is not enough to know that a nutrition intervention is efficacious; it is also necessary to identify and address barriers and enablers for effective implementation of interventions under large-scale, real-world conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape analysis of nutrition services at Primary Health Care Units (PHCUs) in four districts of Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Background Good nutrition and healthy growth during the first 1000days have lasting benefit throughout life. For this, equally important is the structural readiness of health facilities. However, structural readiness and nutrition services provision during the first 1000 days in Ethiopia is not well understood. The present study was part of a broader implementation research aimed at developing model nutrition districts by implementing evidence based, high impact and cost-effective package of nutrition interventions through the continuum of care. This study was aimed at assessing structural readiness of health facilities and the extent of nutrition service provision in the implementation districts. Methods This assessment was conducted in four districts of Ethiopia. We used mixed method; a quantitative study followed by qualitative exploration. The quantitative part of the study addressed two-dimensions, structural readiness and process of nutrition service delivery. The first dimension assessed attributes of context in which care is delivered by observing availability of essential logistics. The second dimension assessed the service provision through direct observation of care at different units of health facilities. For these dimensions, we conducted a total of 380 observations in 23 health centers and 33 health posts. The observations were conducted at the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses unit, immunization unit, Antenatal care unit and Postnatal care unit. The qualitative part included a total of 60 key informant interviews with key stakeholders and service providers. Result We assessed structural readiness of 56 health facilities. Both quantitative and qualitative findings revealed poor structural readiness and gap in nutrition services provision. Health facilities lack essential logistics which was found to be more prominent at health posts compared to health centers. The process evaluation showed a critical missed opportunity for anthropometric assessment and preventive nutrition counselling at different contact points. This was particularly prominent at immunization unit (where only 16.4% of children had their weight measured and only 16.2% of mothers with children under six month of age were counselled about exclusive breastfeeding). Although 90.4% of pregnant women who came for antenatal care were prescribed iron and folic acid supplementation, only 57.7% were counselled about the benefit and 42.4% were counselled about the side effect. The qualitative findings showed major service provision bottlenecks including non-functionality of the existing district nutrition coordination body and technical committees, training gaps, staff shortage, high staff turnover resulting in work related burden, fatigue and poor motivation among service providers. Conclusion We found a considerable poor structural readiness and gaps in delivering integrated nutrition services with a significant missed opportunity in nutrition screening and counselling. Ensuring availability of logistics and improving access to training might improve delivery of nutrition services. In addition, ensuring adequate human resource might reduce missed opportunity and enable providers to provide a thorough preventive counselling service.

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“…The first 1,000 days, lasting from conception to the end of the second year of early childhood, is a particularly important period for cognitive development (Bellieni, 2016). During this period, minor impairments of brain because of biological and psychosocial factors can affect the structural and functional development of the brain (Walker et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Cognitive Development in the Early Life of Children in Bhaktapur, Nepal

et al. 2019

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Background: Children in low and middle income countries may have many risk factors for poor cognitive development, and are accordingly at a high risk of not reaching their developmental potential. Determinants for cognitive development in early life can be found among biological and socioeconomic factors, as well as in stimulation and learning opportunities.Objective: The present study aimed to identify determinants of cognitive, language and motor development in 6-11 months old Nepalese infants.Methods: Six hundred infants with a length-for-age z-score <-1 were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler development, 3rd edition (Bayley-III). Information on socioeconomic factors, child and maternal demographics, clinical and biological factors, and the home environment were collected. In a manual stepwise variable selection procedure, we examined the association between selected biological, socioeconomic and stimulation and learning opportunity variables and the Bayley-III cognitive, language and motor development subscale scores in multiple linear regression models. Results:The length-for-age z-scores was positively associated with the cognitive composite score [standardized beta (ß): 0.22, p < 0.001] and the motor composite score [(ß): 0.14, p = 0.001]. Children born with low birth weight (<2500 g) scored significantly lower on all subscale scores. Diarrheal history was associated with poor language composite scores, and females had higher language composite scores than boys [(ß): 0.11, p = 0.015]. Children who had been hospitalized during the first month of life had also lower cognitive and motor composite scores than those who had not been hospitalized. Parental reports of physical punishment and lack of spontaneous vocalization were associated with poor cognitive and language composite

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The Golden 1,000 Days

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Vertical Transfer of Metabolites Detectable from Newborn’s Dried Blood Spot Samples Using UPLC-MS: A Chemometric Study

Vertical Transfer of Metabolites Detectable from Newborn’s Dried Blood Spot Samples Using UPLC-MS: A Chemometric Study

Landscape analysis of nutrition services at Primary Health Care Units (PHCUs) in four districts of Ethiopia

Determinants of Cognitive Development in the Early Life of Children in Bhaktapur, Nepal

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