The Grandiose Narcissism Scale: A Global and Facet-Level Measure of Grandiose Narcissism

The Turkish Version of the Grandiose Narcissism Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study of Football Team Fans

“…Developed by Foster et al (2015), the GNS was studied for its validity and reliability for the Turkish culture, and a 34-item seven-dimensional structure was obtained by exploratory factor analysis, and this model was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. To improve the GNS, Foster et al, (2015) first planned to develop a 35-item question pool whereby 5 questions together measure one dimension.…”

“…To improve the GNS, Foster et al, (2015) first planned to develop a 35-item question pool whereby 5 questions together measure one dimension. On the basis of a pilot study with a total of 35 items of draft measuring instrument, after the validity study of the phrases "I have a superior personality" that they had planned to be under the dimension of "superiority," and "I expect people to bend the rules for me" that they had planned to be under the dimension of "entitlement" were removed from the ultimate measuring instrument.…”

“…It has been revealed in different studies in sport science literature that feeling emotional attachment to a group is one of the most important factors in psychological well-being and developing personal self-sufficiency (Branscombe and Wann, 1991;Koo, et al, 2015). As the theoretical sub-structure of the narcissism literature, "personal self-sufficiency" has been discussed in many studies as an important dimension of narcissism (Foster, et al, 2015;Raskin and Terry, 1988). Murrell and Dietz, (1992) stated that thinking that they reflect their identities, sports fans felt a high level of commitment to their teams and to their fan clubs.…”

“…NPI, which is one of the limited measuring instruments in the literature which shows the seven dimensions that express the theoretical sub-structure of narcissism at the level of sufficient validity and reliability, has been used in many subsequent studies but has failed to reach the sufficient validity and reliability level (Corry et al, 2008;del Rosario and White, 2005;Foster and Campbell, 2003). Foster et al, (2015) suggested that the solution of this problem lies in the creation of completely new items. Thus, they developed a scale that reveals the seven dimensions that are all composed of new items and reached a high level of validity and reliability.…”

“…In the light of the cited literature, the present study has two main purposes. The first objective of the study is to determine the suitability of the factor structure to Turkish football fans by conducting validity and reliability studies of Foster et al, (2015) Grandiose Narcissism Scale (GNS). The second objective of the study is to reveal the relationship between the level of narcissism and demographic variables of sports fans, their match participation behaviors, and the teams they favor.…”