The Growth and Congregation of Minor Phase

Zhang, Jun Ting; Wang, You Hong; Cui, Xiao Chao; Lin, Jianjun

doi:10.5755/j01.ms.19.4.3568

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Liquid phase separation has been recorded in many alloy systems such as Co-Cu [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], Cu-Fe [19][20][21][22][23][24] Cu-Nb [17,25], Co-Cr-Cu [11], and Co-Cu-Fe [17,[26][27][28]. More recently, Munitz et al show that HEA systems CoCrCuFe, CoCrCuFeNiNb, CoCrCuFeV, CoCrCuFeTi 0.5 V, CoCrCuFeTiV, and CrCuFeMnV undergo stable liquid phase separation into Cu-rich and Cu-lean phases [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Imaging of Liquid Phase Separation in Molten Alloys Using Cold Neutrons

et al. 2017

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Understanding the liquid phases and solidification behaviors of multicomponent alloy systems becomes difficult as modern engineering alloys grow more complex, especially with the discovery of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in 2004. Information about their liquid state behavior is scarce, and potentially quite complex due to the presence of perhaps five or more elements in equimolar ratios. These alloys are showing promise as high strength materials, many composed of solid-solution phases containing equiatomic CoCrCu, which itself does not form a ternary solid solution. Instead, this compound solidifies into highly phase separated regions, and the liquid phase separation that occurs in the alloy also leads to phase separation in systems in which Co, Cr, and Cu are present. The present study demonstrates that in-situ neutron imaging of the liquid phase separation in CoCrCu can be observed. The neutron imaging of the solidification process may resolve questions about phase separation that occurs in these alloys and those that contain Cu. These results show that neutron imaging can be utilized as a characterization technique for solidification research with the potential for imaging the liquid phases of more complex alloys, such as the HEAs which have very little published data about their liquid phases. This imaging technique could potentially allow for observation of immiscible liquid phases becoming miscible at specific temperatures, which cannot be observed with ex-situ analysis of solidified structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Imaging of Liquid Phase Separation in Molten Alloys Using Cold Neutrons

et al. 2017

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“…Unlike the stable liquid state immiscibility observed in the monotectic binary alloys, there are certain cases where a completely miscible liquid alloy can de-mix in the presence of impurities or when supercooled below the freezing temperature of the alloy, as demonstrated for Co-Cu and Cu-Fe by Nakagawa in 1958 [ 23 ]. Since then, there has been an enormous amount of LPS studies on metastable Co-Cu [ 8 , 15 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] and Cu-Fe [ 15 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], as well as the stable LPS that occurs in the combination of all three elements in Co-Cu-Fe [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Metastable liquid phase separation is defined as the liquid phase separation that occurs when undercooling an alloy such that it enters a miscibility gap that would not have been observed if solidified via conventional methods, presented in the phase diagram from [ 25 ] in Figure 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Phase Separation in High-Entropy Alloys—A Review

Derimow

Abbaschian

2018

Entropy

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It has been 14 years since the discovery of the high-entropy alloys (HEAs), an idea of alloying which has reinvigorated materials scientists to explore unconventional alloy compositions and multicomponent alloy systems. Many authors have referred to these alloys as multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) or complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) in order to place less restrictions on what constitutes an HEA. Regardless of classification, the research is rooted in the exploration of structure-properties and processing relations in these multicomponent alloys with the aim to surpass the physical properties of conventional materials. More recent studies show that some of these alloys undergo liquid phase separation, a phenomenon largely dictated by low entropy of mixing and positive mixing enthalpy. Studies posit that positive mixing enthalpy of the binary and ternary components contribute substantially to the formation of liquid miscibility gaps. The objective of this review is to bring forth and summarize the findings of the experiments which detail liquid phase separation (LPS) in HEAs, MPEAs, and CCAs and to draw parallels between HEAs and the conventional alloy systems which undergo liquid-liquid separation. Positive mixing enthalpy if not compensated by the entropy of mixing will lead to liquid phase separation. It appears that Co, Ni, and Ti promote miscibility in HEAs/CCAs/MPEAs while Cr, V, and Nb will raise the miscibility gap temperature and increase LPS. Moreover, addition of appropriate amounts of Ni to CoCrCu eliminates immiscibility, such as in cases of dendritically solidifying CoCrCuNi, CoCrCuFeNi, and CoCrCuMnNi.

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In situ de-wetting of liquid–solid interface to fabricate spherical Ag@Ni immiscible alloys

Lei

Qian

et al. 2022

AIP Advances

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Spherical Ag@Ni immiscible alloy powders were successfully fabricated combining in situ de-wetting of metal droplets from a metalloid solid medium with phase separation of immiscible alloys. The effects of atom ratio and temperature on morphology, structure, and phase separation were investigated. The spherical morphology of alloy powders confirmed the de-wetting of the liquid–solid interface between the liquid Ni–Ag immiscible alloy and the solid alumina powder medium. The Ni-rich phase was scattered in the Ag-rich phase matrix at 1673 K while the spherical Ni-core at the center was surrounded by a ring-shaped shell of Ag at the outer layer with an egg-type structure at 1753 K. The egg-type microstructure of the Ni–Ag particle resulted from the liquid–liquid immiscible phase separation. Such spherical Ag@Ni alloy powders with an egg-type microstructure have a good combination of a high strength Ni-rich phase core and a high electric and thermal conductivity Ag-rich phase shell with many potential advanced applications in electronic packaging.

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The Growth and Congregation of Minor Phase

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

In-Situ Imaging of Liquid Phase Separation in Molten Alloys Using Cold Neutrons

In-Situ Imaging of Liquid Phase Separation in Molten Alloys Using Cold Neutrons

Liquid Phase Separation in High-Entropy Alloys—A Review

In situ de-wetting of liquid–solid interface to fabricate spherical Ag@Ni immiscible alloys

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