The gut microbial community in metabolic syndrome patients is modified by diet

Haro, Carmen; García‐Carpintero, Sonia; Alcalá‐Díaz, Juan F.; Gómez-Delgado, Francisco; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Pérez‐Martínez, Pablo; Rangel‐Zúñiga, Oriol A.; Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.; Landa, Blanca B.; Clemente, José C.; López‐Miranda, José; Camargo, Antonio; Pérez-Jiménez, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.08.011

Cited by 179 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In line with these results, FRD-fed mice supplemented with L. kefiri showed an increase in B. fragilis , but no changes in Clostridium coccoides group, accompanied by an improvement of several metabolic alterations caused by FRD intake. Some reports have described beneficial effects of B. fragilis , including preventive effects against colitis and intestinal inflammation [69,70], and improvement in plasma levels of triglycerides and glucose [71]. Furthermore, we found that L. murinus population was higher in FRD-Lk and CTR-Lk mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Deleterious Metabolic Effects of High Fructose Intake: The Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus kefiri Administration

et al. 2017

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Modern lifestyle and diets have been associated with metabolic disorders and an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota. Probiotics are widely known for their health beneficial properties targeting the gut microbial ecosystem. The aim of our study was to evaluate the preventive effect of Lactobacillus kefiri (L. kefiri) administration in a fructose-rich diet (FRD) mice model. Mice were provided with tap water or fructose-added (20% w/v) drinking water supplemented or not with L. kefiri. Results showed that probiotic administration prevented weight gain and epidydimal adipose tissue (EAT) expansion, with partial reversion of the adipocyte hypertrophy developed by FRD. Moreover, the probiotic prevented the increase of plasma triglycerides and leptin, together with the liver triglyceride content. Leptin adipocyte secretion was also improved by L. kefiri, being able to respond to an insulin stimulus. Glucose intolerance was partially prevented by L. kefiri treatment (GTT) and local inflammation (TNFα; IL1β; IL6 and INFγ) was completely inhibited in EAT. L. kefiri supplementation generated an impact on gut microbiota composition, changing Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes profiles. Overall, our results indicate that the administration of probiotics prevents the deleterious effects of FRD intake and should therefore be promoted to improve metabolic disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Deleterious Metabolic Effects of High Fructose Intake: The Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus kefiri Administration

et al. 2017

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“…However, human studies have yielded inconsistent results, including a reduced abundance of Firmicutes in obese subjects . Previous data indicate that the variability of human population, related with factor such as age or gender, seems to affect gut microbiota composition . We hypothesized that the microbiota profile of obese people could differ according to their metabolic status, which could also help to explain the discrepancy found in obese people, where the proportion of obese people with and without metabolic diseases may correspond more or less to the degree of dysbiosis of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Consumption of Two Healthy Dietary Patterns Restored Microbiota Dysbiosis in Obese Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction

Haro

García‐Carpintero

Rangel‐Zúñiga

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope The consumption of two healthy diets (Mediterranean (MED) and low‐fat (LF) diets) may restore the gut microbiome dysbiosis in obese patients depending on the degree of metabolic dysfunction. Methods and results The differences in bacterial community at baseline and after 2 years of dietary intervention of 106 subjects from the CORDIOPREV study were analyzed, 33 of whom were obese patients with severe metabolic disease (5 criteria for metabolic syndrome) (MetS‐OB), 32 obese patients without metabolic dysfunction (2 or less criteria for metabolic syndrome) (NonMetS‐OB) and 41 non‐obese subjects (NonMetS‐NonOB). Our study showed a marked dysbiosis in people with severe metabolic disease (Met‐OB), compared with obese people without MetS (NonMetS‐OB) and non‐obese people (NonMetS‐NonOB). This disbiotic pattern was reversed by consumption of both MED (35% of calories as fat (22% MUFA fat, 6% PUFA fat and <10% saturated fat) or LF (<30% total fat (<10% saturated fat, 12%–14% MUFA fat and 6–8% PUFA fat) diets, whereas no significant microbiota changes were observed in NonMetS‐NonOB and NonMetS‐OB groups. Conclusion Our results suggest that the chronic intake of two healthy dietary patterns partially restores the gut microbiome dysbiosis in obese patients with coronary heart disease, depending on the degree of metabolic dysfunction.

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“…Similar results were found in two qPCR studies in Japanese and Danish adults with T2DM, when compared to healthy individuals (116, 120). In addition, higher Lactobacillus abundance was found in participants diagnosed with MetS (23). These findings support the study by Armougom et al (96) suggesting a positive association of high abundance of Lactobacilli with obesity and its implications.…”

Section: Lactobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a negative relation between waist circumference and the relative abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was observed ( R = 0.162, P = 0.022). It must be noted that the non-MetS group in this trial did not include healthy individuals, but individuals with a history of coronary heart disease that were involved in another clinical trial at the time (23). Furthermore, a higher abundance of Bacteroides has been reported to be associated with impaired glucose tolerance in T2DM patients as well (103).…”

Section: Bacteroidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Supplemental Complex Dietary Carbohydrates and Gut Microbiota in Promoting Cardiometabolic and Immunological Health in Obesity: Lessons from Healthy Non-Obese Individuals

2017

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Dietary supplementation with complex carbohydrates is known to alter the composition of gut microbiota, and optimal implementation of the use of these so called “prebiotics” could be of great potential in prevention and possibly treatment of obesity and associated cardiometabolic and inflammatory diseases via changes in the gut microbiota. An alternative to this “microbiocentric view” is the idea that health-promoting effects of certain complex carbohydrates reside in the host, and could secondarily affect the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota. To circumvent this potential interpretational problem, we aimed at providing an overview about whether and how dietary supplementation of different complex carbohydrates changes the gut microbiome in healthy non-obese individuals. We then reviewed whether the reported changes in gut bacterial members found to be established by complex carbohydrates would benefit or harm the cardiometabolic and immunological health of the host taking into account the alterations in the microbiome composition and abundance known to be associated with obesity and its associated disorders. By combining these research areas, we aimed to give a better insight into the potential of (foods containing) complex carbohydrates in the treatment and prevention of above-mentioned diseases. We conclude that supplemental complex carbohydrates that increase Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, without increasing the deleterious Bacteroides, are most likely promoting cardiometabolic and immunological health in obese subjects. Because certain complex carbohydrates also affect the host’s immunity directly, it is likely that host–microbiome interactions in determination of health and disease characteristics are indeed bidirectional. Overall, this review article shows that whereas it is relatively clear in which direction supplemental fermentable carbohydrates can alter the gut microbiome, the relevance of these changes regarding health remains controversial. Future research should take into account the different causes of obesity and its adverse health conditions, which in turn have drastic effects on the microbiome balance.

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The gut microbial community in metabolic syndrome patients is modified by diet

Cited by 179 publications

References 40 publications

Deleterious Metabolic Effects of High Fructose Intake: The Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus kefiri Administration

Deleterious Metabolic Effects of High Fructose Intake: The Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus kefiri Administration

Consumption of Two Healthy Dietary Patterns Restored Microbiota Dysbiosis in Obese Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction

The Role of Supplemental Complex Dietary Carbohydrates and Gut Microbiota in Promoting Cardiometabolic and Immunological Health in Obesity: Lessons from Healthy Non-Obese Individuals

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