The gut microbiome in psychopharmacology and psychiatry

Cryan, John F.; Wit, Harriet de

doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05288-y

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ahead of his time, Smith also postulated that the "food-gutallergy" axis may be involved in the pathogenesis of MDD. While outside the scope of this review, recent studies have elucidated key mechanisms of the gut microbiome in human health and disease, including its role in the etiology of psychiatric illnesses (Singh et al, 2017;Cryan and de Wit, 2019). Both systemic inflammation induced by xenobiotic substances and inflammatory disease states, such as in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury, are associated with depressive symptoms in humans (Allison and Ditor, 2015;Engler et al, 2017;Morris et al, 2018).…”

Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Novel Treatment Targets for Substance Use Disorders and Associated Comorbidities

et al. 2021

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Recent studies examining the neurobiology of substance abuse have revealed a significant role of neuroimmune signaling as a mechanism through which drugs of abuse induce aberrant changes in synaptic plasticity and contribute to substance abuse-related behaviors. Immune signaling within the brain and the periphery critically regulates homeostasis of the nervous system. Perturbations in immune signaling can induce neuroinflammation or immunosuppression, which dysregulate nervous system function including neural processes associated with substance use disorders (SUDs). In this review, we discuss the literature that demonstrates a role of neuroimmune signaling in regulating learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity, emphasizing specific cytokine signaling within the central nervous system. We then highlight recent preclinical studies, within the last 5 years when possible, that have identified immune mechanisms within the brain and the periphery associated with addiction-related behaviors. Findings thus far underscore the need for future investigations into the clinical potential of immunopharmacology as a novel approach toward treating SUDs. Considering the high prevalence rate of comorbidities among those with SUDs, we also discuss neuroimmune mechanisms of common comorbidities associated with SUDs and highlight potentially novel treatment targets for these comorbid conditions. We argue that immunopharmacology represents a novel frontier in the development of new pharmacotherapies that promote long-term abstinence from drug use and minimize the detrimental impact of SUD comorbidities on patient health and treatment outcomes.

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Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Novel Treatment Targets for Substance Use Disorders and Associated Comorbidities

et al. 2021

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“…Evidence suggests that germ-free mice have social and repetitive behavior deficits, indicating that the gut microbiota composition is required for social development (80,81). Environmental triggers, including changes in the intestinal microbiota, are currently the focus of investigation (82). As discussed previously with mental disorders, ASD has a known association with GI dysfunction (83).…”

Section: Autism Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While experimental models of the disorders suggest the existence of the link between the microbiota and disease, clinically mixed results support the possible crosstalk between the intestinal microbiota and ASD. Some of those studies reported different taxonomical profiles in the microbiota of ASD patients compared with non-ASD children (75,76,79,(82)(83)(84), while others did not support the association when comparing the microbiota of ASD children with siblings sharing environment (91,92). The presence of Clostridium perfringens was also used to link ASD with the microbiota.…”

Section: Autism Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Gut Feeling: The Importance of the Intestinal Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders

2020

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The intestinal microbiota constitutes a complex ecosystem in constant reciprocal interactions with the immune, neuroendocrine, and neural systems of the host. Recent molecular technological advances allow for the exploration of this living organ and better facilitates our understanding of the biological importance of intestinal microbes in health and disease. Clinical and experimental studies demonstrate that intestinal microbes may be intimately involved in the progression of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), including those of affective and psychiatric nature. Gut microbes regulate neuroinflammatory processes, play a role in balancing the concentrations of neurotransmitters and could provide beneficial effects against neurodegeneration. In this review, we explore some of these reciprocal interactions between gut microbes and the CNS during experimental disease and suggest that therapeutic approaches impacting the gut-brain axis may represent the next avenue for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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“…Connectivity of the brain and the gut microbiome via the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis is well‐established (Borre et al., 2014 , Lima‐Ojeda et al., 2017 , Warner, 2019 , Perez‐Muñoz et al., 2017 ). This axis provides a channel for the gut microbiome to modulate neurodevelopment via signaling in neuronal, hormonal, and immunological pathways (Warner, 2019 , Foster et al., 2017 , Cryan & Dinan, 2012 , Cryan & de Wit, 2019 ). Both the gut and the brain develop rapidly in the first years of life, with the gut undergoing swift changes in microbial composition and diversity, under the influence of nutritional and other environmental factors (Bäckhed et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between the human immune system and gut microbiome with neurodevelopment in the first 5 years of life: A systematic scoping review

Mancini

Brook

Hernández

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychobiology

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The aim of this review was to map the literature assessing associations between maternal or infant immune or gut microbiome biomarkers and child neurodevelopmental outcomes within the first 5 years of life. We conducted a PRISMA-ScR compliant review of peer-reviewed, English-language journal articles. Studies reporting gut microbiome or immune system biomarkers and child neurodevelopmental outcomes prior to 5 years were eligible. Sixty-nine of 23,495 retrieved studies were included. Of these, 18 reported on the maternal immune system, 40 on the infant immune system, and 13 on the infant gut microbiome. No studies examined the maternal microbiome, and only one study examined biomarkers from both the immune system and the gut microbiome. Additionally, only one study included both maternal and infant biomarkers. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed from 6 days to 5 years. Associations between biomarkers and neurodevelopmental outcomes were largely nonsignificant and small in effect size. While the immune system and gut microbiome are thought to have interactive impacts on the developing brain, there remains a paucity of published studies that report biomarkers from both systems and associations with child development outcomes. Heterogeneity of research designs and methodologies may also contribute to inconsistent findings. Future studies should integrate data across biological systems to generate novel insights into the biological underpinnings of early development.

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The gut microbiome in psychopharmacology and psychiatry

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Novel Treatment Targets for Substance Use Disorders and Associated Comorbidities

Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Novel Treatment Targets for Substance Use Disorders and Associated Comorbidities

A Gut Feeling: The Importance of the Intestinal Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders

Associations between the human immune system and gut microbiome with neurodevelopment in the first 5 years of life: A systematic scoping review

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