The Haematological Profiles of High Fat Diet Mice Model with Moringa oleifera Leaves Ethanol Extract Treatment

Abstract

Characteristics of obesity as dysfunction of adipose tissue and chronic low-grade inflammation can have impacts to haematological parameters. The Moringa oleifera leaves have been used empirically to treat metabolic and blood-related diseases. However, it is still unknown whether Moringa oleifera leaves can influence haematological parameters in high fat diet. The study aimed to investigate the hematological parameter of high-fat diet mice in parallel with Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract (MOLE). Forty male DDY mice in 5 weeks of age were randomly divided into five groups as follows: The SD group was fed with a standard diet, the HFD group was fed with high fat diet, the HFD+S group was fed with high-fat diet and simvastatin (0,8 mg/20gBW/day). The HFD+MOLE1 and the HFD+MOLE2 groups were fed with high-fat diet and MOLE in a dose of 5,6 mg/20gBW/day and 11,2 mg/20gBW/day, respectively. The experiment was performed for 7 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood was drawn for haematology analysis of blood parameters. We found that sub-chronic high fat diet might alter the haematological parameters. Two different doses of MOLE might have potencies to prevent the worsening caused by those alterations, by increased of haemoglobin [12,9(10,4-15,3) vs 13,9(12,9-18,2) and 14(10,2-14,8), p>0,05)], slight decreased of WBC [(3,59±1,974) vs (3,433±1,747) and (3,42±1,014), p>0,05]. Additionally, the MOLE might have an effect to decreasing the granulocyte percentage [18,5(9,2-43,6) vs 11,5(7,6-18,2) and 8,05(3,2-25,1), p>0,05], and slight decreased of MPV [4,2(2,6-6,7) vs 3,6(3,2-4,1) and 3,55(2,6-6,8), p>0,05]. In summary, the study showed that MOLE might have potencies to prevent the worsening of hematological parameters in the sub-chronic high fat diet.

Effects of Age and Sex on the Healing of Acetic-Acid Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Adult Wistar Rats

“…Human clinical researches also observed that male patients with ulcerative colitis had weight loss while the female patients do not suffer from weight loss, [25,26].Bábíèková et al [23] also reported progressive loss of body weight in male mice compared with the female mice. Just like the effect recorded in this study, the female mice in the study by Babiekova et al [27][28][29][30] recovered faster. The difference may have been accounted for by the effect of progesterone [30].…”

“…The elevated level of red blood cells (RBC) was observed the younger female rat compared to the older while it was reduced in the younger male rats compared to the older rats. Decrease in the red blood parameters has been linked to anaemia caused by low grade inflammation [29].The reduction in younger rat compared to older adult is poorly understood but this may be due to higher metabolism rate of the younger rats [30]. There was no effect on PDW, PCT, Basophils, Eosinophils, platelet, MPV, MCV and WBC in this study.…”

“…The HGB, MCH and Lymphocytes levels in the younger female rats were increased while Neutrophils and monocyte levels were decreased in the younger female rats only. It has been reported that the increase or decrease in the granulocyte cells indicate the increase or decrease of the inflammatory activities, [29]. From these results, it can be inferred that there was decrease of inflammatory activities in younger female rats as compared to other groups.…”

FABP4 and Metabolite Profile in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mice Model Treated with Moringa oleifera Ethanol Leaf Extract

“…EDTA prevents blood clotting by binding to calcium ions, crucial for the coagulation process, thereby inhibiting the coagulation cascade and maintaining the blood in a liquid, non-clotting state. 15,[20][21][22][23][24] The processed blood is then analyzed using the Mindray BC20s hematology analyzer, following the manufacturer's protocol.…”

“…Furthermore, M. oleifera and isothiocyanate concentrates may decrease gene expression and the production of inflammatory markers in RAW macrophages. In particular, they attenuate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-1β, and the production of NO and TNFα at 1 and 5μM.1 1,12 Further study indicate MOLE has the potential to reduce triglyceride levels, glucose levels 11,13,14 also increase hemoglobin levels, and reduce granulocyte presentation in mice models of chronic inflammation due to a high-fat diet 15 and diabetes. 11,13,14 However, there have been no studies related to MOLE in sepsis model mice.…”