The Halogens

α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application

“…We investigated the charge/discharge voltage profiles of a hybrid Zn–Ni/Ag/air that is governed by two distinct pairs of Zn and α-NiO/Ni(OH) 2 /AgNP/FG. − In 1.0 M KOH, the charge/discharge process of Zn–Ni/Ag/air involves the anodic redox reactions of Zn (eqs and ), complexation or hydrolysis (eqs and ), and dehydration or passivation (eq ) Zn ( s ) + 4 normalH 2 normalO ⇄ Zn false( normalH 2 normalO false) 4 2 + + 2 normale − goodbreak0em1em⁣ ( E ° = 0.763 V vs NHE ) Zn 0 + 4 OH − ⇄ Zn false( OH false) 4 2 − + 2 normale − goodbreak0em1em⁣ ( E ° = 1.2 V ) Zn 2 + + …”

“…We investigated the charge/discharge voltage profiles of a hybrid Zn–Ni/Ag/air that is governed by two distinct pairs of Zn and α-NiO/Ni­(OH) 2 /AgNP/FG. − In 1.0 M KOH, the charge/discharge process of Zn–Ni/Ag/air involves the anodic redox reactions of Zn (eqs and ), complexation or hydrolysis (eqs and ), and dehydration or passivation (eq )­ When discharged, the reduction of silver and Ni occurs on the cathode, while Zn oxidation occurs on the anode. The overall electrolysis consists of reactions involving Zn–silver (eqs –), Zn–Ni (eqs –), and Zn–air (eqs –) including Zn-ion battery reaction as follows In Zn–Ag/air batteries, the cathodic OER and ORR play pivotal roles, and the ORR is known to be a major limitation to performance efficiency due to its kinetics limitations. − However, in this hybrid electrode system, it seems that the ORR overlapped with multiple silver reduction processes on AgNP/F-graphene. ,,− In addition, the localized electromagnetic field around AgNPs can induce a plasmonic resonance that accelerates the kinetics of the ORR .…”

SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins react with Au and Si, are electrically conductive and denature at 3 × 108 V m−1: a surface bonding and a single-protein circuit study

“…For instance, Au and Pt have high reduction potentials (standard reduction potential of +1.48 V and +1.20 V for Au and Pt, respectively) and therefore they are not likely capable of reducing the disulfide bonds by a spontaneous electrochemical reaction. In contrast, because of their low reduction potential (standard reduction potential of −0.516 V for the closely related SiH 4 ), 46,47 Si–H surfaces have been reported to spontaneously reduce metals such as Au, and Pd. 48 The reduction is attributed to the electrochemical reaction between the metal ions in solution and the Si, resulting in the reduction of metals and partial oxidation of Si.…”

Evidence for a High-Valent Iron-Fluoride That Mediates Oxidative C(sp3)-H Fluorination

“… 37 , 38 The free F • radical generated from these oxidants is postulated to activate and fluorinate substrates with poor selectivity, which can be correlated to its very high redox potential (F • → F – ; E 0 = 2.87 V). 39 We believe that this can be modulated through bonding to a metal ion (M n + –F).…”