The Harm of Contact and Non-Contact Sexual Abuse: Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in a Population Sample of Swiss Adolescents

Landolt, Markus A.; Schnyder, Ulrich; Maier, Thomas; Mohler‐Kuo, Meichun

doi:10.1159/000446810

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Research on the effect of severe acts of sexual abuse such as forced or coercive penetration on general psychopathology is inconsistent. Two systematic reviews of meta-analyses found no conclusive evidence (Maniglio, 2009; Hillberg et al 2011), while a large longitudinal study from New Zealand (Fergusson et al 2013), as well as a recent study with a nationally representative sample of 6751 Swiss students (Landolt et al 2016), reported clear evidence for an association between the severity of childhood sexual abuse and psychopathology. The non-significant result in our analysis suggests that other factors might provoke the occurrence of dissociation in sexual abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation in victims of childhood abuse or neglect: a meta-analytic review

et al. 2018

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Childhood abuse and neglect are associated with dissociative symptoms in adulthood. However, empirical studies show heterogeneous results depending on the type of childhood abuse or neglect and other maltreatment characteristics. In this meta-analysis, we systematically investigated the relationship between childhood interpersonal maltreatment and dissociation in 65 studies with 7352 abused or neglected individuals using the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). We extracted DES-scores for abused and non-abused populations as well as information about type of abuse/neglect, age of onset, duration of abuse, and relationship to the perpetrator. Random-effects models were used for data synthesis, and meta-regression was used to predict DES-scores in abused populations from maltreatment characteristics. The results revealed higher dissociation in victims of childhood abuse and neglect compared with non-abused or neglected subsamples sharing relevant population features (MAbuse = 23.5, MNeglect = 18.8, MControl = 13.8) with highest scores for sexual and physical abuse. An earlier age of onset, a longer duration of abuse, and parental abuse significantly predicted higher dissociation scores. This meta-analysis underlines the importance of childhood abuse/neglect in the etiology of dissociation. The identified moderators may inform risk assessment and early intervention to prevent the development of dissociative symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation in victims of childhood abuse or neglect: a meta-analytic review

et al. 2018

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“…Across the globe, the self-report prevalence of CSA varies greatly among different studies ranging from 2 to 62% [ 4 – 6 ], and the average is estimated to be 12% [ 4 ]. According to a meta-analysis that synthesized CSA prevalence of Chinese studies [ 39 ], prevalence of CSA showed large variation from 2%(Yen, 2008)to 35.2%(Zhao&Li, 2006)of self-reported at least one form of CSA experiences in China [ 41 ]. Different studies have used different CSA items to define CSA, which largely affects the estimated prevalence [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence subgroups of child sexual abuse, health risk behaviors and their associations among secondary school students in China

et al. 2021

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Background Little is known on the co-occurrence and heterogeneity of child sexual abuse (CSA) or health risk behavior (HRB) prevalence nor the associations among the victims. Objectives To detect the prevalence and subgroups of adolescents reporting CSAs or HRBs, and to examine the association between the subgroups. Methods Participants were secondary school students in a national survey in China (N = 8746). Self-reported CSA and HRB experiences were collected through a computer assisted questionnaire. Prevalence and confidence intervals were calculated. Multigroup latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine latent subgroups of CSA and HRB. Dual latent class regression analysis was used to examine the association between CSA and HRB classes. Results A total of 8746 students participated in our study. The prevalence of having ever experienced any of the reported seven CSA items was 12.9%. The preferred LCA model consisted of a three-class CSA latent variable, i.e. “Low CSAs”(95.7% of the total respondents), “Verbal or exhibitionism CSAs”(3.3%), and “high multiple CSAs” (1.1%); and a three-class HRB latent variable, i.e. “Low HRBs”(70.5%), “externalizing HRBs” (20.7%), and “internalizing HRBs” (8.7%). Students in the “Verbal or exhibitionism CSAs” or “high multiple CSAs” classes had higher probabilities of being in “externalizing HRBs” or “internalizing HRBs” classes. The probabilities were higher in “high multiple CSAs” class(male externalizing OR 4.05, 95%CI 1.71–9.57; internalizing OR 11.77, 95%CI 4.76–29.13; female externalizing OR 4.97, 95%CI 1.99–12.44; internalizing OR 9.87, 95%CI 3.71–26.25) than those in “Verbal or exhibitionism CSA”(male externalizing OR 2.51, 95%CI 1.50–4.20; internalizing OR 3.08, 95%CI 1.48–6.40; female externalizing OR 2.53, 95%CI 1.63–3.95; internalizing OR 6.05, 95%CI 3.73–9.80). Conclusions Prevalence of CSA items varies. Non-contact CSAs are the most common forms of child sexual abuse among Chinese school students. There are different latent class co-occurrence patterns of CSA items or HRB items among the respondents. CSA experiences are in association with HRB experiences and the associations between latent classes are dose-responded. Multi-victimization has more significantly negative effects. The results could help identify high-risk subgroups and promote more nuanced interventions addressing adverse experiences and risk behaviors among at-risk adolescents.

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“…No entanto, ao avaliar Ana Carolina de Souza Fonseca, Luiza Santos Ferreira, Marilene Zimmer, Simone dos Santos Paludo __________________________________________________________________________________________ 499 Contextos Clínicos, v. 14, n. 2, mai./ago. 2021 a qualidade de vida e o ajustamento psicológico, os achados revelaram que ambos acarretaram repercussões negativas nas vítimas, evidenciando o caráter nocivo de todos os tipos de abuso sexual (Landolt, Schnyder, Maier & Mohler-Kuo, 2016). Talvez o fato de todos os casos de ASI alcançados neste estudo envolverem contato físico reflita o desenho metodológico escolhido, tendo em vista que os casos analisados estavam em atendimento em um serviço especializado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Afeto e Regulação Emocional entre Crianças Com e Sem Histórico de Abuso Sexual Infantil

Fonseca

Ferreira²,

Zimmer³

et al. 2021

ctc

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O abuso sexual infantil (ASI) é um fator de risco para o surgimento de dificuldades emocionais. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o afeto positivo e negativo e as estratégias de regulação emocional em crianças de 8 a 12 anos vítimas de abuso sexual (G-ASI) e seus pares sem histórico de abuso (G-Não-ASI). Das 26 crianças participantes, 12 vivenciaram pelo menos um episódio de abuso sexual ao longo da vida, enquanto as outras 14 não foram vitimizadas. Foram utilizados os instrumentos Questionário Sociodemográfico, Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire, Teste de Compreensão das Emoções e Escala de Afeto Positivo e Negativo. Os resultados demonstraram que a média de afeto negativo das crianças vítimas de abuso sexual foi maior do que a dos participantes do outro grupo, sendo vergonha, raiva, nervosismo e tristeza os afetos mais relatados. Em relação à regulação emocional, as crianças pertencentes ao G-ASI empregaram mais frequentemente estratégias regulatórias consideradas inadequadas para a faixa etária quando comparadas ao G-Não-ASI. Os resultados sugerem que a exposição ao ASI pode contribuir em diferenças nas respostas emocionais manifestadas pelas crianças. O conhecimento destes possíveis impactos é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de intervenções clínicas alinhadas às demandas das vítimas e baseadas em evidências.

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The Harm of Contact and Non-Contact Sexual Abuse: Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in a Population Sample of Swiss Adolescents

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Dissociation in victims of childhood abuse or neglect: a meta-analytic review

Dissociation in victims of childhood abuse or neglect: a meta-analytic review

Co-occurrence subgroups of child sexual abuse, health risk behaviors and their associations among secondary school students in China

Afeto e Regulação Emocional entre Crianças Com e Sem Histórico de Abuso Sexual Infantil

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