The health effects of wastewater on the prevalence of ascariasis among the children of the discharge zone of El Jadida, Morocco

Abstract

Proximity to wastewater constitutes an infection hazard by ascariasis. This is supported by the results of an epidemiologic study of a group of children living near an area of wastewater effluents. The subjects of this study were schoolchildren from Sidi Daoui, a neighborhood located in the area of the main effluent of the city of El Jadida, Morocco. For a comparative approach, a control group was selected from Sidi Moussa, a neighborhood far from the discharge area. The incidence of ascariasis was 18.1% in the study group (Sidi Daoui) and 1% in the control group (Sidi Moussa). It was found that 71% of the exposed children were suffering from acute parasitic infections. The risk attributable to wastewater in transmitting ascariasis to examined children in Sidi Daoui was about 17%. Boys, particularly those aged 7 - 10, appeared to be the most vulnerable to contracting ascariasis. This study demonstrates the relationship between ascariasis in children and their proximity to wastewater effluents.

Assessment of Palm Jumeirah Island’s Construction Effects on the Surrounding Water Quality and Surface Temperatures during 2001–2020

“…Agricultural run-off and industrial wastewater, on the other hand, contribute to eutrophication processes, resulting in phytoplankton buildup. The increase in nutrient levels encourages excessive plant growth, which causes the water to become murky, has an impact on fish populations, and speeds up algal blooms [41,42]. Consideringly, this study aims to study the effect of Palm Jumeirah Island (PJI) construction in the Persian Gulf on the surrounding waters, to give a scientific view of the extent of changes in the water profile arising from the construction of the island.…”

Determination of Bathing Water Quality Using Thermal Images Landsat 8 on the West Coast of Tangier: Preliminary Results

“…Such activities are not always compatible with one another. Moreover, their increase can cause changes to this ecosystem and can endanger human health and the habitats of aquatic organisms [4,5]. Therefore, sustainable coastal water requires water resource control and continuous monitoring.…”

Rapid evidence assessment of the impacts of sewerage, drainage, and chlorination in urban settings of low-and middle-income countries

“…There is an association between the installation of a sewer system and the rate of diarrhea in children under five (Barreto et al, 2007). Having a nearby open sewage ditch is associated with increased odds of diarrhea and ascariasis as well (Moubarrad and Assobhei, 2005;Ferrer et al, 2008). Living in a house with open sewers is also associated with increased odds of typhoid fever compared to living in a house with a closed drainage/sewage system (Gasem et al, 2001).…”

“…Household hygienic practices should also be collected. Household hygiene practices such as unsafe storage of water, eating unwashed produce, or lack of handwashing behaviors also increased risk for bacterial contamination (Ries et al, 1992;Moubarrad and Assobhei, 2005;Klasen et al, 2012;Muti et al, 2014;Stewart-Ibarra et al, 2014;Prasad et al, 2018).…”

“…Other transmission sources should also be collected so that the effects of the intervention on disease burden can be isolated. These include food from street vendors, other water sources (including bottled water and ice), and proximity to wastewater effluents (Black et al, 1985;Koo et al, 1996;Gasem et al, 2001;Moubarrad and Assobhei, 2005;Lee et al, 2020).…”