The helix of CO2, household income, and oil pricing under the assumption of Keynesian consumption function: A policy-mix scenario of oil-importing South Asia for SDGs-2030

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore energy prices and their impact on household consumption under the condition of Keynesian consumption theory in South Asian countries over the 1995–2020 periods. By employing the panel ordinary least square model estimation technique, the study attempted to find the relationship between household income and consumption under the theory of Keynesian consumption function. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between household consumption and environmental sustainability, policy mix variables, and energy pricing. First of all, this study confirms the existence of Keynesian consumption theory in these economies of South Asia. Furthermore, energy pricing, environmental sustainability, and inflation rate are the factors that inducing toward high household consumption in South Asia. Considering the policy mix factors, inflation rate contribution positively while tax rate inducing this consumer for low household consumption. Based on the empirical analysis, this study suggested some parameters to these Asian economies particularly and other similar economies generally.

Impact of Oil Prices on Consumer Spending: Evidence from Malaysia

“…Past study of Abbas et al (2020) documented that numerous past studies discovered the well-being effect of increasing energy prices like for several economies and find out that consumers were harmfully affected by the surge in oil prices. However, the recent study of Gang et al (2022) discussed that few number of studies have been found for South Asia countries that considered the well-being price of energy consumption.…”

Retraction: The helix of CO2, household income, and oil pricing under the assumption of Keynesian consumption function: A policy-mix scenario of oil-importing South Asia for SDGs-2030

“…The PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [ 1 ] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about authorship, competing interests, and peer review. We regret that the issues were not addressed prior to the article’s publication.…”