The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man.  I. Veratrum Viride1

Freis, Edward D.; Stanton, Joseph; Culbertson, James W.; Litter, Julius; Halperin, Meyer H.; Burnett, Charles H.; Wilkins, Robert W.

doi:10.1172/jci102078

Cited by 70 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The maintenance or slight increase in cardiac output may have been influenced by any one or a combination of the following factors: 1) the maintenance of right cardiac filling pressure as evidenced by the rise in peripheral venous pressure and unchanged pulmonary arterial pressure, 2) the cardiac slowing which permitted more effective diastolic filling, and 3) the diminished peripheral resistance. A similar hemodynamic response was observed after veratrum viride (13), the action of which also involves the vascular centers in the nervous system. Such a response is in marked contrast to that caused by certain peripherally acting vasodilators such as sodium nitrite after which cardiac output falls in association with compensatory tachycardia and a decrease in venous and pulmonary arterial pressure (25).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The methods used in this investigation were essentially the same as those described in a previous communication (13). DHO was administered by intravenous injection in a solution of sterile water containing 0.5 mg. of active substance per cc.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DHO was administered by intravenous injection in a solution of sterile water containing 0.5 mg. of active substance per cc. Unless otherwise indicated arterial pressure was measured continuously with a Hamilton manometer (13). RESULTS …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The changes in blood flow in the limbs with the circulation to the hand and foot excluded (13) were determined before and after the intravenous administration of DHO in 11 hypertensive patients and three normotensive subjects. In the six patients who exhibited the greatest reduction in arterial pressure (Table IV) Although in most instances peripheral resistance decreased there were certain exceptions.…”

Section: Blood Flow Throuigh Varioits Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man. Ii. Dihydroergocornine 1

Freis¹,

Stanton²,

Litter³

et al. 1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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Dale in 1906 recognized the sympatholytic activity of crude extracts of ergot as well as their property of direct stimulation of smooth muscle, including that of the blood vessels (1). Despite their sympatholytic effects their direct vasoconstrictor action prevented significant lowering of arterial pressure.Later chemical purification of the crude drug resulted in the isolation of five alkaloids: ergotamine (2), ergobasine (3), ergokryptine, ergocornine and ergocristine (4). The basic chemical structure of these compounds was clarified by Jacobs and Craig (5) who demonstrated the presence of lysergic acid in all of the alkaloids (6). By hydrogenating the reducible double bond of the lysergic acid component of four of these alkaloids, Stoll and Hofmann (7) in 1943 produced a new series of compounds, dihydroergotamine, dihydroergocristine, dihydroergocornine (DHO-180) 5 and dihydroergokryptine (DHK-135).5 Pharmacological studies in animals (8) indicated that these modified compounds have enhanced sympatholytic and adrenolytic properties but little or no direct constrictor action on smooth muscle. In addition, they are hypotensive, this effect being mediated at least in part via the central nervous system (9). In man DHO and DHK in non-toxic doses have sympatholytic and hypotensive prop- erties (10-12). Because of their possible value in the treatment of essential hypertension and peripheral vascular disease a further clarification of their hemodynamic effects in man was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe subjects were patients, mostly hypertensive, admitted to the wards of the Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals. The methods used in this investigation were essentially the same as those described in a previous communication (13). DHO was administered by intravenous injection in a solution of sterile water containing 0.5 mg. of active substance per cc. Unless otherwise indicated arterial pressure was measured continuously with a Hamilton manometer (13). RESULTS I. Sympatholytic Effects a. Sympathetic Vasopressor ResponsesCertain vasopressor responses usually abolished or diminished after surgical sympathectomy (14)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blood Flow Throuigh Varioits Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man. Ii. Dihydroergocornine 1

Freis¹,

Stanton²,

Litter³

et al. 1949

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…This is in agreement with other observations that cardiac output decreases after intravenously administered Protoveratrine (8). In a somewhat similar study of veratrum viride derivatives (9) no change in cardiac output occurred in the absence of congestive failure. However, these studies were performed at later intervals after administration of the drug and perhaps correspond more closely to our observation in the patient followed for three hours after the gradual reduction of blood pressure by the oral route, in which case a reduction in output was also not observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Protoveratrine on the Cardiac Output and on Some Regional Circulations in Man 1

Hoobler¹,

Kabza²,

Corley³

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

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Protoveratrine is a mixture of two purified alkaloids derived from veratrum album. According to Meilman and Krayer (1) it has a marked and reproducible depressor effect when given intravenously to hypertensive patients. This effect has been confirmed (2) and the drug has been administered in the long term management of severe hypertension (3). It therefore becomes important to know whether the depressor action of Protoveratrine 3 is a result of a reduction in cardiac output, or of a decrease in total peripheral resistance, and if the latter, what vascular area is chiefly involved. Observations bearing on these questions are presented herewith. METHODSThe Protoveratrine was prepared for intravenous administration according to the method of Meilman

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Effects of Veriloid® on Essential Hypertension

Gropper¹

1951

AMA Arch Intern Med

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The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man. I. Veratrum Viride1

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man. Ii. Dihydroergocornine 1

The Hemodynamic Effects of Hypotensive Drugs in Man. Ii. Dihydroergocornine 1

The Effect of Protoveratrine on the Cardiac Output and on Some Regional Circulations in Man 1

Effects of Veriloid® on Essential Hypertension

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