The hepatoprotective effects of fennel seeds extract and trans‐Anethole in streptozotocin‐induced liver injury in rats

Abstract

Hypoglycemic, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of fennel have been recorded in numerous investigations. The study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of fennel or its active component trans‐Anethole (TA) on streptozotocin‐induced liver injury in rats. Rats were injected with a single dose of STZ (65 mg/kg) and treated with fennel (200 and 400 mg/kg), TA (80 mg/kg), or metformin (300 mg/kg) for 35 days. Serum lipid profile and liver enzyme activity (aminotransferases), oxidative stress markers, and the degree of fibrosis in the liver tissue were assessed. Both fennel and TA decreased blood glucose levels, reduced liver enzyme activity, food, and water intake, and intensity of weight loss, reduced serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c), and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐c). Additionally, fennel and TA significantly reduced MDA concentration while increased CAT activity and thiol content and reduced the degree of injury and fibrosis in the liver of diabetic rats. Our results suggest that fennel seed extract and its active compound TA are able to protect the liver against diabetes‐induced hepatic injury in rats, probably via hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects.

Bioactivity, Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Probiotic Yoghurt Made from Whole Milk Powder Reconstituted in Aqueous Fennel Extract

“…Interestingly, the fennel plant (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species which showed potent activity against a wide range of disorders, including reproduction [13], respiratory [14], gastrointestinal [15] and endocrinal problems [16], besides its role as a lactation-improving agent [17]. Furthermore, fennel has shown potent antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic activities [18,19]. Fennel seed can also be used as a natural flavoring for some foods such as bread, cheese and pickles.…”

The Effect of Thymus vulgaris on Hepatic Enzymes Activity and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Diabetes is the leading cause of hepatic disorders in the USA. Many studies have shown that liver disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in type-II diabetes (T2DM) [ 3 ]. Besides the high prevalence of liver disease in diabetic patients, the incidence of diabetes is higher in patients with liver disease.…”

Anethole rich Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., essential oil pharmacology and genotoxic efficiencies

“…Now the compound anethole being reported several times that it possess hepatoprotective effects which makes the compound a perfect candidate for down regulation of diabetic conditions. One of such study on streptozotocin induced liver injury in rats was reported to protect the liver against diabetic induced hepatic injury upon trans- anethole treatment 40 . According to the report, the mechanism behind being trans- anethole as hepatoprotective agent is due to its hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects.…”