The highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of<i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>in localized and generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis

Ennibi, Oum Keltoum; Benrachadi, Latifa; Bouziane, Amal; Haubek, Dorte; Poulsen, Knud

doi:10.3109/00016357.2011.642002

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A decreased number of bacteria would reduce the likelihood of capturing the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone strains at the sampling occasions, although JP2 clone strains are still present in the oral cavity. An age predilection for JP2 clone infection of only the young appears, however, to be in contrast with more recent results obtained in Morocco (110). In the Moroccan study by Ennibi and coworkers, it was investigated if the JP2 clone was particularly linked to the localized forms versus the generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis (110).…”

Section: Acquisition Stability and Transmission Of The Jp2 Clone Ofcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…An age predilection for JP2 clone infection of only the young appears, however, to be in contrast with more recent results obtained in Morocco (110). In the Moroccan study by Ennibi and coworkers, it was investigated if the JP2 clone was particularly linked to the localized forms versus the generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis (110). Among Moroccan patients seeking periodontal treatment at the dental school in Rabat, Morocco, it was found that localized as well as generalized aggressive periodontitis patients were positive for the JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans (83% versus 69%, p =0.17) (110).…”

Section: Acquisition Stability and Transmission Of The Jp2 Clone Ofcontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenicity of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone ofAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansand its geographic dissemination and role in aggressive periodontitis

Haubek

Johansson

2014

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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For decades, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis in adolescents. In the middle of the 1990s, a specific JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans, belonging to the cluster of serotype b strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans and having a number of other characteristics, was found to be strongly associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis, particularly in North Africa. Although several longitudinal studies still point to the bacterial species, A. actinomycetemcomitans as a risk factor of aggressive periodontitis, it is now also widely accepted that the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans is implicated in rapidly progressing forms of aggressive periodontitis. The JP2 clone strains are highly prevalent in human populations living in Northern and Western parts of Africa. These strains are also prevalent in geographically widespread populations that have originated from the Northwest Africa. Only sporadic signs of a dissemination of the JP2 clone strains to non-African populations have been found despite Africans living geographically widespread for hundreds of years. It remains an unanswered question if a particular host tropism exists as a possible explanation for the frequent colonization of the Northwest African population with the JP2 clone. Two exotoxins of A. actinomycetemcomitans are known, leukotoxin (LtxA) and cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt). LtxA is able to kill human immune cells, and Cdt can block cell cycle progression in eukaryotic cells and thus induce cell cycle arrest. Whereas the leukotoxin production is enhanced in JP2 clone strains thus increasing the virulence potential of A. actinomycetemcomitans, it has not been possible so far to demonstrate such a role for Cdt. Lines of evidence have led to the understanding of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans as an aetiological factor of aggressive periodontitis. Patients, who are colonized with the JP2 clone, are likely to share this clone with several family members because the clone is transmitted through close contacts. This is a challenge to the clinicians. The patients need intense monitoring of their periodontal status as the risk for developing severely progressing periodontal lesions are relatively high. Furthermore, timely periodontal treatment, in some cases including periodontal surgery supplemented by the use of antibiotics, is warranted. Preferably, periodontal attachment loss should be prevented by early detection of the JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans by microbial diagnostic testing and/or by preventive means.

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Section: Acquisition Stability and Transmission Of The Jp2 Clone Ofcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Acquisition Stability and Transmission Of The Jp2 Clone Ofcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone ofAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansand its geographic dissemination and role in aggressive periodontitis

Haubek

Johansson

2014

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…55 Interaction of S. tigurinus with A. actinomycetemcomitans might be of interest. 56 Since its recent identification, it is not clear whether modifying factors are associated with the presence of S. tigurinus in the human oral microbiome and if its detection in the oral cavity has direct clinical implications in systemic diseases.…”

Section: Association Of S Tigurinus With Oral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The novel speciesStreptococcus tigurinusand its association with oral infection

Zbinden

Bostancı

Belibasakis³

2014

Virulence

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“…Actually, we tested selected Moroccan essential oils (Origanum compactum, Thymus vulgaris and Cymbopogon martinii), which have never been studied on oral bacteria especially on the highly JP2 strain of Aa, a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium and a well-known periopathogen strongly involved in aggressive periodontitis [1][2][3]. The choice of essential oils was based on their documented medicinal properties particularly antimicrobial effects and/or on their therapeutic use in traditional medicine in Moroccans (table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oral species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is a period onto pathogen, known as strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis, severe periodontal diseases which lead to rapid destruction of supporting tissues of teeth in young adults [1][2][3]. Genome analysis revealed that this species comprises discrete clonal lineages represented by different serotypes (a, b, c, d, e, f) associated with periodontitis or health, which may help to explain their differences in virulence and in association with disease [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Effectiveness of Selected Moroccan Essential Oils Against the Highly Virulent Jp2 Clone of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans

Lakhdar

Farah

Lahlou

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) serotype b JP2 clone is a highly virulent strain, considered as a major etiologic agent in aggressive periodontitis in patients of African descent, such as Moroccan adolescents. Antibiotics have been and continue to be the only effective treatment of periodontal infections caused by this periodontal bacterium. However, today there is enough scientific evidence on the existence of an increased resistance of oral bacteria to antibiotics. Therefore, the search for new natural agents, that are safe and effective, such "essential oils," has become a necessity. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of three selected essential oils from Moroccan aromatic medicinal plants (Origanum compactum, Thymus vulgaris and Cymbopogon martinii) against clinical Moroccan isolate of Aa JP2 strain.Methods: Antibacterial activity of essential oils was investigated using agar well diffusion method, then measured using broth microdilution method.Results: All the selected essential oils exhibited significant antibacterial activity on the highly pathogenic JP2 strain of Aa. Essential oil of Origanum compactum was found to be the most effective with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.03% (v/v) and a minimum bactericidal concentration value (MBC) of 0.07%. Conclusion:The present findings indicate the possibility of exploiting these essential oils as potential antimicrobial agents in treatment of aggressive periodontitis associated to this pathogen.

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The highly leukotoxic JP2 clone ofAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansin localized and generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis

Abstract: The presence of the JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with both LAgP and GAgP in young adults in Morocco. This implies that treatment of AgP in this population should include microbiological screening and aim at eradication of the bacterium when present.

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Pathogenicity of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone ofAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansand its geographic dissemination and role in aggressive periodontitis

Pathogenicity of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone ofAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansand its geographic dissemination and role in aggressive periodontitis

The novel speciesStreptococcus tigurinusand its association with oral infection

Antibacterial Effectiveness of Selected Moroccan Essential Oils Against the Highly Virulent Jp2 Clone of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans

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