The Htstochemistry of Keratinization.

The Epidermis and its Keratinisation in the African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana)

“…thick sections on a heavy base sledge microtome, the tissue being not specially treated to soften it. Sections were stained in Ehrlich's haematoxylin and eosin and by the fluorescent staining method using congo red, titan yellow, and thioflavine t, as described by Jarrett, Spearman and Hardy (1959), and Jarrett and Speannan (1964). The latter technique showed marked differences of fluorescence staining between the stratum corneum in the hair follicle necks and over the intervening papules.…”

The Protective Effect of a Sunscreen upon the Lysosomes of Ultraviolet-Irradiated Skin

“…in the escape of enzymes from this organelle [17], The high concentration of hydrolytic enzymes and their 'latency' in intact skin lysosomes has been commented upon [8] and has been considered etiological to the altered morphology of dyskeratotic cells resulting from erythema-producing doses of UV radiation [9][10][11]. The rapid fall in content of acid phosphatase and acid protease of skin exposed to UV radiation found in the present study confirms the earlier report of Johnson [7] who observed a similar loss of acid phosphatase from skin of mice treated by carcinogenic doses of UV radiation.…”

“…Evidence is here presented which indicates that release of lysosomal acid phosphatase and acid protease was facilitated in cultured human foreskin and rodent skin in vivo after exposure to UV radiation, without protection by 10% sulisobenzone. Under these experimental conditions, there occurred in human foreskin an accelerated leakage of acid phosphatase from mem brane-bound sites evidenced by diffuse histochemical staining.It has now been well established that lysosomes, meeting the general definitions advanced by de [7,8], The hypothesis has been proposed that activation of lysosomal hydrolases, which occurs in reaction to bombardment by the UV wavelengths of solar radation, could be primarily involved in the premature cell death and accelerated keratinization noted in the upper epidermis [8][9][10]. …”

Topical Medication in Relation to Skin Physiology

“…The result is a molecule of cystine to which both polypeptide chains contribute ; this reaction does not require energy but releases it. Nevertheless, according to Jarrett, Spearman and Hardy (1959), the stratum granulosum contains a high energy system on the evidence supplied by the distribution of enzymes. They suggest that in this region there is an active breakdown and resynthesis of polypeptide chains, before keratinisation by cross-bonding takes place.…”