The Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange Activity and Radiation. Behavior of Some Silica Catalysts

Spectroscopic Characterization of Minerals and Their Surfaces

“…In 1959, Kohn and Taylor reported the first discovery of ionizing radiation-induced catalytic activity that could not be equivalently produced by heating under vacuum (144). H^/D 2 exchange was the reaction studied.…”

Radiation effects on solids, including catalysts

“…Annealing of the observed changes, that is their disappearance with time at a particular temperature, has been observed over a considerable range of temperatures in different cases. With H2-D2 exchange on 404 / Journal of (96). With the hydrogenation of ethylene on ZnO it occurs in the general range of preparation of the catalyst, around 400 °C (97).…”

“…Examples already noted indicate that a considerable variety of catalysts has been studied. A number of oxides have been studied with the H2-D2 exchange, and the results have varied from zero to a factor of several thousand (94, 96). Likewise, the sensitivity to annealing has shown considerable variation from one catalytic ma terial to another (94) Also, the enhancement of the ortho-para conversion has varied from zero with Mo03 or Fe203 to rather large factors with alumina, alumina-molybdena, and reduced MoOs (101).…”

“…In at least one case already studied the radiation behavior of a catalyst has been shown to depend strongly on the presence of a catalyst, poison (96). If gamma-AI203 is evacuated overnight around 525°C, most of the water ordinarily adsorbed is removed.…”

Chemical reactions of color centers

“…Irradiating silica gel produces a tremendous increase in its catalytic activity (9) and this increase could well be due to the generation of acidity in the gel {10). Further work {11) has demonstrated the generation of such acidity in irradiated gel by means of a number of reactions.…”