The hype about hydrogen

Romm, Joseph J.

doi:10.1109/emr.2006.261406

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…in automotive applications [2]. Pipelines might be the least expensive option for delivery of large quantities of hydrogen [17]. To transport hydrogen gas through a pipeline, a compressor is installed every 150 km, consuming 1,16 % of the local energy flow (per 150 km) [9].…”

Section: Pipeline Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though liquid tanker trucks might be the least expensive delivery option in the near term and carry ten times the amount of hydrogen transported by trucks carrying compressed hydrogen canisters this approach is still undesirable for large-scale use due to the very high energy cost. Distribution of compressed hydrogen in trailers is relatively expensive due to the low energy density [17]. A modern 40 ton tube-trailer truck can carry 320 kg hydrogen at a pressure of 20 MPa, but delivering only 288 kg or 90 % of its payload to the customer.…”

Section: Distribution By Truckmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pipeline operates at 10 MPa of pressure [17]. The current networks exist only for the limited industrial hydrogen markets, so serious investments would be required to extend it for wider use, e.g.…”

Section: Pipeline Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

N.¹,

F.-S.²,

Matheys³

et al. 2009

WEVJ

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The environmental issues caused by fossil fuels for transportation are numerous: greenhouse gas emissions are enhancing global warming, city smog, ozone and noise are causing major health problems, acid rain impacts our ecosystems, etc. Strong research efforts have therefore been performed towards alternative fuels and drive trains and hydrogen is still one of the most promising but at the same time controversial possibilities. The environmental impact of hydrogen used in a fuel cell (FCEV) or internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) -depends strongly on the production pathway for hydrogen and should therefore be evaluated on a well-to-wheel basis.In this paper, the Ecoscore methodology is used to assess the environmental impact of H 2 -ICE and fuel cell vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis. The Ecoscore is an environmental indicator for vehicles taking into account the impact on global warming, air quality depletion (divided into impact on human health and ecosystems) and noise. The Ecoscores of two FCEV and one H 2 -ICEV are calculated for different hydrogen production pathways (electrolysis and Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)), as well as for different methods of hydrogen storage (compression and liquefaction) and distribution (pipeline and truck). The highest Ecoscores and thus best results -are obtained for vehicles using hydrogen from electrolysis produced with 100 % renewable energy, followed by SMR and then electrolysis using the Belgian electricity mix. Compression appears to be better than liquefaction to store hydrogen due to the high energy use for the liquefaction process, and this compressed hydrogen should be transported through pipelines in stead of by trucks to obtain the best environmental performance.

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Section: Pipeline Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution By Truckmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

N.¹,

F.-S.²,

Matheys³

et al. 2009

WEVJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The power required to do so is not insignificant and just adds to the problems of this technology. The futility of the desire for a hydrogen economy is summarised in reference [8]. In it, the author is motivated to comment that it hardly makes 'much sense to generate electricity from renewable resources, then generate hydrogen from that electricity using an expensive and energy-intensive electrolyser, compress and liquefy it (using more energy) ship the hydrogen over long distances (consuming more energy), and then use that hydrogen to generate electricity again with low temperature fuel cells'.…”

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering a Sustainable and Economically Active Future without Fossil Fuels

Sangster¹

2014

IJETT

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The need for mankind to make the transition from a global civilisation powered by fossil fuels, to one powered by non-polluting sources of energy, is at last beginning to impinge on public awareness, now that the science of climate change is becoming established. Unfortunately, obfuscation and procrastination still exists, impeding progress to sustainability as vested interests are increasingly 'muddying the waters' by choosing to support technical 'solutions/fixes' of doubtful effectiveness. Among these technical fixes, considered in the paper, are carbon capture and storage, nuclear power and hydrogen. Given that the 'window of opportunity' to seriously address the carbon emissions problem is arguably just a few years, rather than a few decades, the only sensible, technically sound, and sustainable solution is a rapid and massive adoption of renewables. The key criterion of balancing the growing global demand for power, when the supply emanates from diverse, varied and widespread generation schemes, is examined in this paper, and is shown to be feasible.

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“…With continued research and development, hydrogen has the potential to reduce the world's reliance on fossil fuels in the second half of this century [1]. This would be the first step to the establishment of an envisioned hydrogen economy, where the dominant energy carrier of the economy would be hydrogen that is produced using pollution-free sources [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow and Heat Transfer in a High Pressure Water Electrolysis System

Agranat

Zhubrin²,

María

et al. 2006

Volume 1: Symposia, Parts a and B

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A high-pressure water electrolysis system has been investigated numerically and experimentally. The advanced CFD model of two-phase flow, which calculated the 3D distributions of pressure, gas and liquid velocities and gas and liquid volume fractions, has been developed to account for all the major components in the system, and appropriate constitutive equations for two-phase flow parameters were selected for various parts of the system, such as the cell stack, riser, separator and downcomer. Heat transfer between the two phases, and between the gas-liquid mixture and cooling coils located in the gas-liquid separator was also accounted for. The model was validated using comparisons of predicted liquid flow rate with the liquid flow rate measured in the downcomer, where a single-phase liquid flow existed. The effects of pressure, current density, number of cells, and bubble size were investigated with the numerical model. The numerical predictions matched the general trends obtained from the experimental results with regard to the effects of pressure and current density on the liquid flow rate. The validated CFD model is being used as a cell design tool at Hydrogenics Corporation.

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The hype about hydrogen

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

An environmental analysis of FCEV and H2-ICE vehicles using the Ecoscore methodology

Engineering a Sustainable and Economically Active Future without Fossil Fuels

CFD Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow and Heat Transfer in a High Pressure Water Electrolysis System

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