The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis is target of cadmium toxicity. An update of recent studies and potential therapeutic approaches

Lafuente, A.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.024

Cited by 114 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…We estimated the hepatic levels of GSH in this report, therefore, we need further information about the GSH levels in plasma. Moreover, because Cdinduced chronotoxicity may not be explain only by the -er and pay attention to Cd-induced effects on other rhythmic factors starting with metabolic systems in addition to whole body biological rhythms (Caride et al, 2010;Jimenez-Ortega et al, 2011;Lafuente, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cadmium-induced chronotoxicity in mice

et al. 2013

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-Biological defense factors show diurnal variations in their expression levels or activities. These variations can induce the different sensitivity to external toxicants of a day. We reported earlier that mice showed clear diurnal variation of cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity, i.e., chronotoxicity. In this report, we investigated additional new evidences for the cadmium (Cd)-induced chronotoxicity, and considered the mechanisms contributed to this chronotoxicity. Male C57BL/6J mice were injected with CdCl 2 (6.4 mg/kg, one shot) intraperitoneally at 6 different time points of a day (zeitgeber time (ZT); ZT2, ZT6, ZT10, ZT14, ZT18 or ZT22) followed by monitoring the mortality until 14 days after the injection. We observed extreme difference in survival numbers: surprisingly, all mice died at ZT2 injection while all mice survived at ZT18 injection. Moreover, in non-lethal dose of Cd (4.5 mg/kg), the values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) used as indexes of hepatotoxicity markedly increased at ZT6 injection while mostly unchanged at ZT18 injection. To consider the mechanisms of this extreme diurnal variation, we examined biochemical studies and concluded that the diurnal variation was not caused by the differences in hepatic Cd level, basal hepatic metallothionein (MT) level, and induction level or induction speed of hepatic MT. We suggested that one of the candidate determination factors was glutathione. We believe that the "chronotoxicology" for metal toxicity may be classic, yet new viewpoint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cadmium-induced chronotoxicity in mice

et al. 2013

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“…Cadmium has been shown to play a role in modification of hormone levels experimentally, as recently reviewed by Iavicoli et al [21], and may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) at multiple levels [13]. …”

Section: Reproductive Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium and Reproductive Health in Women: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence

Pollack

Ranasinghe

Sjaarda

et al. 2014

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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An evolving body of evidence supports that cadmium, a non-essential heavy metal, may be associated with multiple adverse women’s reproductive health outcomes. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of epidemiologic studies that evaluated cadmium exposure and the following reproductive health outcomes: puberty/menarche, fertility, time to pregnancy, pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, endometriosis, uterine leiomyoma, and menopause. Twenty-two studies were identified based upon our search criteria. Available evidence was inadequate to draw meaningful conclusions for most of the reproductive outcomes studied. The strongest evidence was for a possible association between cadmium and preeclampsia, which was limited to cross-sectional studies. Some evidence, although conflicting, was also observed for fertility related outcomes. This lack of evidence underscores the need for additional research on cadmium and women’s reproductive health outcomes.

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“…Los niveles elevados de cadmio generan toxicidad capaz de inducir daño en los tejidos por producir alteraciones fisiológicas; su órgano blanco principal es el riñón y ocasiona defectos en varias proteí-nas, vitaminas y minerales, lo que podría derivar en osteoporosis; además, en el sistema cardiovascular puede ocasionar hipertensión arterial; otro de sus efectos podría ser la inhibición de la función normal del zinc y el magnesio en el cuerpo. A nivel endocrino, el cadmio produce cambios plasmáticos en los niveles de hormonas segregadas por la glándula pituitaria, alteración en la secreción de la hormona del crecimiento y la inhibición en la secreción de progesterona, algunos efectos son la reducción de peso en los recién nacidos, abortos espontáneos y alteraciones en el desarrollo gonadal con deterioro del esperma [42].…”

Section: Cadmio (Cd)unclassified

Niveles de metales pesados en muestras biológicas y su importancia en salud

et al. 2015

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Resumen. En la sociedad del siglo xxi —enfocada hacia el desarrollo socioeconómico—,la continua industrialización, la práctica de la minería y de actividadesproductivas como la agricultura resultan ser opciones atractivas; sin embargo, enel desarrollo de estas actividades, es frecuente el uso y la emisión de algunos químicoshacia el medio ambiente, entre los cuales se encuentran los metales pesados.En el organismo de los seres vivos, hay pequeñas cantidades de algunos metalespesados que pueden intervenir en reacciones bioquímicas, pero otros metales norepresentan utilidad biológica. Por esto, la exposición ocupacional y la exposiciónpasiva a metales pesados presentes en el ambiente o que provienen de la dieta debenser reguladas, ya que cantidades superiores a las consideradas normales puedenocasionar ciertas enfermedades. El control de la exposición a metales pesadosincluye monitorear los niveles presentes en distintas matrices biológicas como lasangre, la orina, la saliva, el cabello y las uñas. Cada una de estas matrices estaráindicada según el tipo de exposición que ha experimentado el individuo; además,ofrecerá algunas ventajas y limitaciones. Es por eso que la presente revisión pretendeinformar sobre los efectos ocasionados en el organismo por niveles excesivosde algunos metales pesados y la utilidad que ofrecen las matrices biológicas en ladeterminación de estos niveles.

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The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis is target of cadmium toxicity. An update of recent studies and potential therapeutic approaches

Cited by 114 publications

References 98 publications

Mechanisms of cadmium-induced chronotoxicity in mice

Mechanisms of cadmium-induced chronotoxicity in mice

Cadmium and Reproductive Health in Women: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence

Niveles de metales pesados en muestras biológicas y su importancia en salud

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