The Imaging of Guard Cells of thioglucosidase (tgg) Mutants of Arabidopsis Further Links Plant Chemical Defence Systems with Physical Defence Barriers

Ahuja, Ishita; Kissen, Ralph; Hoang, Linh; Sporsheim, Bjørnar; Halle, Kari Krizak; Wolff, Silje Aase; Ahmad, Shabbir; Ahmad, Jam Nazeer; Bones, Atle M.

doi:10.3390/cells10020227

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In support of this, the secondary metabolites campesterol, sinigrin, sitosterol, and quercetin were found to control stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana and B. napus [160]. The significance of the glucosinolatemyrosinase system in stomatal closure was also reported by Ahuja et al (2021) [161].…”

Section: Secondary Metabolites As Regulators Of Plant Defensementioning

confidence: 77%

Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress Management

Al-Khayri,

Rashmi,

Toppo

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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The rise in global temperature also favors the multiplication of pests and pathogens, which calls into question global food security. Plants have developed special coping mechanisms since they are sessile and lack an immune system. These mechanisms use a variety of secondary metabolites as weapons to avoid obstacles, adapt to their changing environment, and survive in less-than-ideal circumstances. Plant secondary metabolites include phenolic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, and terpenoids, which are stored in specialized structures such as latex, trichomes, resin ducts, etc. Secondary metabolites help the plants to be safe from biotic stressors, either by repelling them or attracting their enemies, or exerting toxic effects on them. Modern omics technologies enable the elucidation of the structural and functional properties of these metabolites along with their biosynthesis. A better understanding of the enzymatic regulations and molecular mechanisms aids in the exploitation of secondary metabolites in modern pest management approaches such as biopesticides and integrated pest management. The current review provides an overview of the major plant secondary metabolites that play significant roles in enhancing biotic stress tolerance. It examines their involvement in both indirect and direct defense mechanisms, as well as their storage within plant tissues. Additionally, this review explores the importance of metabolomics approaches in elucidating the significance of secondary metabolites in biotic stress tolerance. The application of metabolic engineering in breeding for biotic stress resistance is discussed, along with the exploitation of secondary metabolites for sustainable pest management.

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Section: Secondary Metabolites As Regulators Of Plant Defensementioning

confidence: 77%

Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress Management

Al-Khayri,

Rashmi,

Toppo

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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“…The small radius of the tor was that of the cell (3 μm; see Supplementary Table S1.5, line #24), and the large radius (7.5 μm) was taken as the distance between the pore centre for the stomata and the cell centre. Small and large radii were obtained from published data (Ahuja et al, 2021). Details of the calculations can be found in the 'comment' column of Supplementary Table S1.5, line #26.…”

Section: Calculation Of Surface Area For Stomata Guard Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis leaf quantitative atlas: a cellular and subcellular mapping through unified data integration

Tolleter,

Smith,

Dupont-Thibert

et al. 2024

Quant Plant Bio.

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Quantitative analyses and models are required to connect a plant’s cellular organisation with its metabolism. However, quantitative data are often scattered over multiple studies, and finding such data and converting them into useful information is time-consuming. Consequently, there is a need to centralise the available data and to highlight the remaining knowledge gaps. Here, we present a step-by-step approach to manually extract quantitative data from various information sources, and to unify the data format. First, data from Arabidopsis leaf were collated, checked for consistency and correctness and curated by cross-checking sources. Second, quantitative data were combined by applying calculation rules. They were then integrated into a unique comprehensive, referenced, modifiable and reusable data compendium representing an Arabidopsis reference leaf. This atlas contains the metrics of the 15 cell types found in leaves at the cellular and subcellular levels.

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“…At present, researchers found that there are three main sources of myrosinase genes, namely, plant myrosinase gene, microbial myrosinase gene, and animal myrosinase gene [ 44 , 45 , 73 ]. Among them, plant myrosinase genes and microbial myrosinase genes are the most commonly used heterologously expressed myrosinase genes, such as Arabidopsis genes THOGLUCOSIDASE1 (TGG1) and THIOGLUCOSIDASE2 (TGG2) [ 109 , 110 ].…”

Section: Improving the Myrosinase-synthesizing Abilities Of Microorga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms—An Effective Tool to Intensify the Utilization of Sulforaphane

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Foods

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Sulforaphane (SFN) was generated by the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin under the action of myrosinase. However, due to the instability of SFN, the bioavailability of SFN was limited. Meanwhile, the gut flora obtained the ability to synthesize myrosinase and glucoraphanin, which could be converted into SFN in the intestine. However, the ability of microorganisms to synthesize myrosinase in the gut was limited. Therefore, microorganisms with myrosinase synthesis ability need to be supplemented. With the development of research, microorganisms with high levels of myrosinase synthesis could be obtained by artificial selection and gene modification. Researchers found the SFN production rate of the transformed microorganisms could be significantly improved. However, despite applying transformation technology and regulating nutrients to microorganisms, it still could not provide the best efficiency during generating SFN and could not accomplish colonization in the intestine. Due to the great effect of microencapsulation on improving the colonization ability of microorganisms, microencapsulation is currently an important way to deliver microorganisms into the gut. This article mainly analyzed the possibility of obtaining SFN-producing microorganisms through gene modification and delivering them to the gut via microencapsulation to improve the utilization rate of SFN. It could provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application scope of SFN.

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The Imaging of Guard Cells of thioglucosidase (tgg) Mutants of Arabidopsis Further Links Plant Chemical Defence Systems with Physical Defence Barriers

Cited by 7 publications

References 77 publications

Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress Management

Plant Secondary Metabolites: The Weapons for Biotic Stress Management

The Arabidopsis leaf quantitative atlas: a cellular and subcellular mapping through unified data integration

Microorganisms—An Effective Tool to Intensify the Utilization of Sulforaphane

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